[{"Pest":{"id":"29","name":"Ambrosia Beetle","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EIt is important to maintain optimum tree vigor as ambrosia beetles are attracted to trees weakened due to drought, flooding, transplanting, disease, winter and mechanical injury. In areas prone to sun or winter damage, paint trunks with a solution of equal parts of latex paint and water to prevent damage to trees. Do not store wood with bark near orchards as it can remain a source of ambrosia beetles for up to a year. Remove and promptly burn or chip beetle-infested trees or limbs. If the wood cannot be burned, chipped or otherwise destroyed, cover the wood with plastic to prevent beetles from attacking the wood or escaping if already infested. To intercept female beetles flying into an orchard (males do not fly), place bundles of three or four 1- to 2-metre long hardwood logs (harvested the previous year) at 10-20 metre intervals along borders adjacent to deciduous (hardwood) trees. Puncture the bark several times to improve release of odors attractive to the beetles. Destroy the trap logs before new adults appear.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no registered products for controlling ambrosia beetles on apples. Good sanitation is the best management strategy.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Ambrosia Beetle"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"31","name":"Apple Grain Aphid","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EChemical control is rarely needed. They provide food for early-season predatory insects and parasites.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EApple grain aphids are attacked by early season parasitic and predatory insects that will remain to feed upon later appearing, more damaging aphid pests. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Apple Grain Aphid"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"32","name":"Apple Aphid","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAvoiding excessive nitrogen application will limit aphid populations by reducing succulent growth that is attractive to aphids. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAn application of dormant oil will kill many overwintering aphid eggs and will not affect aphid predators. Apply   \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33353&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECormoran\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=8372&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMalathion 85E\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=16099&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMalathion\u003C\/a\u003E,  \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Movento&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30826&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECloser\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=29796&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBeleaf\u003C\/a\u003E, Sivanto Prime, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=31442&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ETwinGuard\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33711&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC\u003C\/a\u003E if few predators are present, aphid populations are increasing and fruit damage appears imminent. Sprays applied before this level of aphid infestation may destroy beneficial insects and result in the need for additional sprays. Apply Movento when sufficient leaf tissue is present to allow for maximum uptake of the active ingredient by the plant. Movento should be applied in combination with a recommended non-ionic adjuvant (e.g. \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=agral+90&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAgral 90\u003C\/a\u003E). Movento is slow-acting so allow 12 – 18 days for noticeable decline in aphid populations.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENOTE:\u003C\/strong\u003E The sprays listed above will also control other aphids.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPredators (ladybird beetles, lacewings, syrphid (hover) flies and predatory midges) and parasitic wasps are usually capable of providing control of apple aphid on bearing trees and often on young trees. Avoid using pesticides toxic to these beneficial insects once they appear on the trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Apple Aphid"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"33","name":"Black Cherry Aphid","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere is no treatment threshold established for black cherry aphid.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERecommended timing and products:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EGreen tip to pink - Beleaf, Closer, Sivanto Prime\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer - \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28953&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=29796&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBeleaf\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30826&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECloser\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28408&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EActara\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=8372&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMalathion 85E\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27666&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EPurespray Green Spray Oil 13E\u003C\/a\u003E, Sivanto Prime, TwinGuard, Versys, \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33711&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESeveral species of predatory insects and parasitic wasps attack black cherry aphids. Dormant oil sprays have the least impact on these biocontrol agents.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Black Cherry Aphid"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"35","name":"Rosy Apple Aphid","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESee chemical control of \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/32\/Apple_Aphid\"\u003Eapple aphid\u003C\/a\u003E. Control may be necessary if aphids are present on 10 of 100 bud or fruit clusters in a 100-cluster sample and few predators are present. Summer sprays will also control other aphids.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERecommended control timing and products include:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E15 mm green to tight cluster – Closer plus dormant oil, Versys.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer –  \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Cygon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECygon\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Lagon+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ELagon \u003C\/a\u003E(non-bearing only), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Beleaf&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBeleaf\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Closer&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECloser\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Exirel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E, Sivanto Prime, Versys, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Malathion&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMalathion\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Movento&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33353&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=TwinGuard&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ETwinGuard\u003C\/a\u003E.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERosy apple aphids are attacked by several insect predators and parasites that can aid in control of this pest if not harmed by toxic chemicals.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Rosy Apple Aphid"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"36","name":"Woolly Apple Aphid","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ETreat perennial cankers. Remove suckers in summer to eliminate a source of population development. Prune out water sprouts in August, paint large pruning cuts with commercial pruning paint to discourage aphid populations.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERecommended timings and products:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E15 mm green to tight cluster - Closer (suppression only)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer -  Malathion, Closer (suppression only), TwinGuard (suppression only), Beleaf, \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33711&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC (suppression only)\u003C\/a\u003E, Suffoil-X, Cormoran\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch from Washington State showed Movento provided satisfactory summer control of woolly apple aphid. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESeveral predators (lady beetles, syrphid flies, green lacewings, earwigs) and a parasitoid \u003Cem\u003EAphelinus mali \u003C\/em\u003Eplay an important role in woolly apple aphid control.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Woolly Apple Aphid"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"37","name":"Apple Clearwing Moth","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAccording to European sources, reduce the risk of infestations by minimizing wounds to trees, removing young trees with cankers, and sealing wounds with wound-protecting products. Tree guards, trunk wraps, and soil mounding are not effective and probing trees with metal wires to kill larvae will damage trees (Gary Judd, AAFC, Summerland).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMass trapping \u003C\/strong\u003E- Two litre plastic bottle traps (Figs.10 & 11) baited with grape juice are highly attractive to both male and female clearwing moths (Gary Judd, AAFC, Summerland).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"5\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"width:600px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\"\" src=\"\/files\/Fig%2012.%20ACM%20trap.jpg\" style=\"width: 300px; height: 398px;\" \/\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\"\" src=\"\/files\/Fig%2013.%20ACM%20juice%20trap.jpg\" style=\"width: 300px; height: 199px;\" \/\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EFigure 10. Apple clearwing moth bottle trap (BC Tree Fruits Cooperative)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EFigure 11. Moths captures in grape juice-baited bottle trap. (G. Judd, AA-FC)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETwo litre honey buckets can be used instead of plastic bottles. Moths should be cleared out of traps regularly. A bait of 8 L Water + 1 L apple juice + 1 L vinegar + 100 g sugar has been found to be effective at reducing moth populations in Tyrol, Italy. Use an open bucket (such as a 2-litre honey bucket) to allow for easy clearance of trapped moths with a sieve. Remove moths weekly and top up bait as needed. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMating disruption\u003C\/strong\u003E - Mating disruption with \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27141&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIsomate-P\u003C\/a\u003E dispensers can be used for areas with very low levels of apple clearwing moth (orchards that captured less than 25 moths\/trap the previous season). Mating disruption programs will be more successful if all growers in the area participate. The dispensers should be applied at 100\/acre and hung at head height, 5-6 feet. \u003Cu\u003EIsomate-P dispensers are only effective for one season of control\u003C\/u\u003E. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EControl weeds and irrigate trees prior to spraying. For best control, do not water trees for as long as possible after spraying. Use high water volume and high pressure sprays and saturate trees to run off.  Target larvae before pupation in the spring (April to early May, look for signs of frass). Apply summer sprays at 25% and 75% egg laying; 200 and 375 DD (10°C base temp), respectively, after first male pheromone trap catch (Biofix). In the South Okanagan, first summer sprays are generally applied at peak adult trap captures (July 10-15). Repeat spray applications at 7-14 day intervals depending on the product. Check with your field service person or consultant for timing of spray applications.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESpray application technique and coverage are very important. Recommended insecticides should be applied with a hand gun or backpack sprayer at high water volumes to ensure thorough coverage of tree trunks and scaffold limbs. If using a boom sprayer, reduce speed and use one of the following recommended sprayer settings based on 10’ row spacing (BCFGA, Tamara Richardson, 2019):\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2.0 MPH, 2- #8 nozzles w\/45 swirl  plates at 130 psi = 3.0 gpm\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2.5 MPH, 2- #7 nozzles w\/56 swirl  plates at 60 psi = 3.7 gpm\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply a minimum of 150 US gal (567 L) per acre. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply Rimon in the spring or fall (September) to control larvae. Summer applications of Rimon are not recommended due to mite flare ups. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn areas of high apple clearwing moth populations, the pest moves into the tree canopy and larvae enter pruning scars. Altacor used for the control of leafrollers will help reduce apple clearwing moth populations in aerial parts of the tree.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegistered products for control of apple clearwing moth include \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=entrust&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust SC\u003C\/a\u003E (364 mL\/ha), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=entrust&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust 80 W\u003C\/a\u003E (75 g\/ha), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=success&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ESuccess 480 SC\u003C\/a\u003E (125 mL\/ha), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=delegate&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDelegate\u003C\/a\u003E (420 g\/ha) and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Rimon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ERimon 10EC\u003C\/a\u003E (1.4 L\/1000 L of water\/ha).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor organic growers, use Entrust at a rate of 250 mL of product in 1500 L of water\/ha for gun sprays.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EEarwigs, ants, spiders and birds will feed on larvae. Birds cause damage to the bark of trees during feeding and this may kill trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Apple Clearwing Moth"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"38","name":"Apple Curculio","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERemove alternative food or breeding hosts such as saskatoon from areas near orchards.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ENo registered chemical control; however, contact insecticides applied during early petal-fall of pear will control apple curculio.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Apple Curculio"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"39","name":"Apple Leaf Curling Midge","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no cultural methods that will adequately reduce the risk or severity of apple leaf midge infestations. Hand removal and destruction of infested leaves may help but removing terminal leaves can result in the same impact on tree development. Proper management of susceptible trees will help minimize the impact of the midge. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Ripcord&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ERipcord\u003C\/a\u003E (cypermethrin), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=22478&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDecis\u003C\/a\u003E (deltamethrin) and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=movento+240&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento\u003C\/a\u003E (spirotetramat) are registered for control of apple leaf midge. These products are not effective against larvae in leaf curls. Ripcord and Decis are harmful to beneficial insects and mites and would lead to mite flare ups. Field trials in Ontario indicated Movento provides good control of the midge at petal fall timing. Application interval for Movento is  a minimum of 14 days with a maximum of 2 applications per year.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPirate bugs actively feed on larvae (campylomma have also been observed within infested leaves). Native and introduced parasitoids attack midge larvae in New Brunswick but no information is available on parasitoids attacking apple leaf midge in BC.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Apple Leaf Curling Midge"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"40","name":"Bruce Spanworm","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EHeavy infestations require a spray at the pink bud stage. Unfortunately there are no currently products registered for pre-bloom application against this pest . Petal fall sprays for leafrollers and bud moth will also control any spanworm present.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Bruce Spanworm"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"41","name":"Cherry Fruit Flies ","scientific_name":"Western, Black","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAt the time of cherry bloom, search out and destroy any unmanaged hosts within a distance of at least 250 m of the orchard. Destroy infested fruit before the larvae emerge.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThe low efficiency of yellow sticky traps and zero tolerance for fruit flies in fruit requires protection of the fruit throughout the summer when fruit flies are active, regardless of trapping results. If using traps, apply a control product within 5 days of first fly capture and maintain control until harvest in a given region, usually early to mid June. Maintain control until all the fruit is removed or completely shriveled on the trees. In the absence of traps, begin protecting fruit about the time Lambert cherries begin to colour. Research shows female fruit flies will lay eggs in green fruit. This means application of sprays to the new later maturing varieties when the fruit may still be green.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe following table presents information on recommended control products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENOTE: If your cherries are destined for foreign markets, check with your packinghouse, crop certifier or broker to confirm which spray products can be applied to cherries entering the country (MRL present) or allowed by the buyers. Do not risk fruit infestations by exceeding the spray intervals. Re-apply the products after any measurable rain event to ensure fruit flies are exposed to lethal residues. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrade Name\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:92px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECommon Name\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:69px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETarget Stages\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:95px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMaximum Number of Applications\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:76px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESpray Interval\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C\/sup\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(days)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPre-harvest Interval (days)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003EAssail\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:92px;\"\u003Eacetamiprid\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 69px; text-align: center;\"\u003EAdults\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 95px; text-align: center;\"\u003E2\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 76px; text-align: center;\"\u003E12\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33353&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECormoran\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:92px;\"\u003Eacetamiprid + novaluron\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 69px; text-align: center;\"\u003EAdults\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 95px; text-align: center;\"\u003E4\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 76px; text-align: center;\"\u003E10\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cygon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECygon 480\u003C\/a\u003E or Lagon\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Dimethoate+480&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003E 480\u003C\/a\u003E E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:92px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Edimethoate\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:69px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003ELarvae, adults\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:95px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:76px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E21\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Delegate&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDelegate\u003C\/a\u003E (suppression only)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 92px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Espinetoram\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 69px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAdults\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 95px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 76px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Entrust&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:92px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Espinosad\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:69px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003EAdults\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:95px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:76px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E5 - 7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Exirel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 92px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Ecyantraniliprole\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 69px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAdults\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 95px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 76px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003EHarvanta\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 92px; text-align: center;\"\u003Ecyclaniliprole\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 69px; text-align: center;\"\u003EAdults\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 95px; text-align: center;\"\u003E3\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 76px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:137px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=GF-120&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EGF-120\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:92px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Espinosad\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:69px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003EAdults\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:95px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:76px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Csup\u003E1 \u003C\/sup\u003EMinimum days between sprays when applied at recommended rates in absence of rainfall or overhead irrigation\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Csup\u003E2 \u003C\/sup\u003EMinimize use to avoid mite problems.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EExirel, Entrust 80 W and GF-120 sprays will only control adult fruit flies. Delegate will only provide suppression. Apply the first spray not later than 5 days after capture of the first fly followed by sprays at recommended intervals to maintain protection of fruit to harvest.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEntrust and GF-120 are approved for use in organic cherry blocks. Both products contain spinosad. Entrust will also control leafroller and bud moth larvae present at the time of application. GF-120 requires a special sprayer which can be purchased or fabricated - \u003Cstrong\u003Edo not use an air-blast sprayer\u003C\/strong\u003E. Carefully read the label instructions before mixing and applying GF-120. Because GF-120 does not control other insect pests (such as cherry fruitworm, leafrollers, aphids, spotted wing drosophila), growers should monitor for the presence of other pests to determine need for control. To prevent damage by other insect pests, consider applying fruit fly control products that also provide protection against other major pests present (for example, Cygon or Exirel for aphids; Delegate for cherry fruitworm, leafrollers; and Delegate, Exirel  or Cygon for spotted wing drosophila).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESome research shows mite populations increase after neonicotinoid products such Assail are applied. Therefore do not use Assail more than twice per season. Avoid use of any chemicals harmful to predatory mites in blocks treated with  Assail to avoid possible mite flare-up. Monitor mites the following spring to assess the risk of mite problems.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBecause Cygon and Lagon may not protect the fruit up to harvest, an additional application of another product may be required. Be aware of the preharvest intervals. For sour cherries, do not apply Cygon or Lagon more than twice per season. Apply the second spray 21 days after the first.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA very important application is a post harvest spray of Admire or Alias (if either only used once before), Cygon or Lagon to prevent late-emerging fruit flies breeding in unharvested whole or split cherries. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EField reports indicate control products formulated as emulsifiable concentrates (EC) can cause severe leaf burn and possible drop in Lapin, Sam, Stella, and Sweetheart cherry varieties. Also, some leaf burn and drop may occur if GF-120 is applied to undersides of leaves.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Cherry Fruit Flies "},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"42","name":"Cherry Fruitworm","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EDestroy infested cherries before the larvae emerge. Do not leave any unharvested unprotected fruit on the trees while adults are present. Destroy any nearby unmanaged cultivated and wild hosts.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ECherry fruitworm is an occasional pest of cherry because control products applied against spring leafrollers in early June and broad-spectrum cherry fruit fly sprays in June and July also control cherry fruitworm. However the use of products that only control cherry fruit fly may increases the risk of cherry fruitworm infestations. If the pest is present, it is recommended that more broad-spectrum products be applied against cherry fruit fly during the period of adult cherry fruitworm activity.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Cherry Fruitworm"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"43","name":"Codling Moth","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBanding\u003C\/strong\u003E - Cardboard banding works by trapping and removing larvae after they have left the damaged fruit but before they emerge as adults for the next generation. Wrap corrugated cardboard bands around tree trunks and scaffold limbs by mid-June through to the end of July (apply by 555 DD). Any larvae that would otherwise be spinning their cocoons on the trunk or scaffold branches will be captured in the bands. Remove and replace the bands applied for the first generation larvae around mid-July (750 DD) and burn immediately to prevent larvae from completing their development. If applying bands for the second generation, remove and destroy the replacement bands after harvest. In warm years with a 3rd generation, remove the summer bands at regular intervals to prevent development or remove bands at 1350 DD. Banding material is available from chemical suppliers or OKSIR program.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFruit Removal\u003C\/strong\u003E - It is extremely important that fruit found infested with codling moth is not left on the trees at any time during the growing season. Growers should make sure that infested fruit found while thinning and picking is destroyed, in order to kill any larvae in the fruit; complete crushing of fruit is the best way to kill larvae. Culled fruit should never be dumped in orchards. If infested fruit is placed in soapy water to drown the larvae, do not remove the apple for at least one week.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESanitation \u003C\/strong\u003E– Remove any non-commercial codling moth host trees; if on surrounding properties or public lands, inform SIR staff. Woodpiles and any wooden structures, such as fruit bins or boxes, tree props, or ladders, are important sources of overwintered codling moths. As codling moth populations decrease, it becomes important to eliminate or treat wooden structures within or immediately adjacent to the orchards. Pay attention to the source of anything wooden entering the orchard, especially wooden bins and props.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMating Disruption\u003C\/strong\u003E- Mating disruption works by preventing male moths from finding female moths for mating within blocks treated with the pheromone dispensers, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/1_1\/view_label?p_ukid=64682799\"\u003EIsomate-C Plus\u003C\/a\u003E (codling moth) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/1_1\/view_label?p_ukid=64687831\"\u003EIsomate CM Flex\u003C\/a\u003E (codling moth) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/1_1\/view_label?p_ukid=64686377\"\u003EIsomate-CM\/LR TT\u003C\/a\u003E (codling moth and leafrollers twin tubes). This control tactic is most effective when applied on an area-wide basis involving as many adjoining orchards as possible. Isomate-C Plus and Isomate CM Flex should be applied at a rate of 500-1000\/ha (200-400\/ac), Isomate-CM\/LR TT at a rate of 750\/ha (300\/ac) before the first moths fly in the spring. Do not reduce the rate before consulting with the SIR program or your crop management advisor. Place the dispensers in the upper third of the canopy, preferably in shaded areas. Orchards less than 2 ha in size are not suitable for mating disruption. Growers should apply a border cover spray along edges adjacent to unmanaged sources of codling moth. Place additional dispensers in border trees to minimize the effect of immigration. Carefully read and follow the instructions provided with the dispensers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EOnly apply cover sprays in orchards or parts of orchards with an average capture over 2 consecutive weeks of two or more moths per trap per week over the 2 weeks, weather permitting. By using degree-day predictions to time the first spray, forecasting dates of codling moth egg laying and hatch is more accurate and spraying can occur when the control products can perform most effectively. Information on the approximate time of egg laying and hatch is available from most packinghouse field service offices and on the OKSIR web site (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.oksir.org\/degreedays.asp\"\u003Ewww.OKSIR.org\/Degree Days\u003C\/a\u003E). The OKSIR web site also lists the weekly accumulated degree day totals for 18 weather stations located within the OKSIR Program area. Because the optimum timing varies among the products based on how they control codling moth, first read the product labels to become familiar with the recommended timing.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe following table summarizes application information on control products recommended for codling moth control. Trade (product) names are linked to the \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/index-eng.php\"\u003EPesticide Label Search \u003C\/a\u003Edatabase of the Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA). Click on the Registration Number of the product to read the current label. If more than one product name appears on the list, click on the Registration Number of the product of interest. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrade Name\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECommon Name\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETarget Stages\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMaximum Number of Applications\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C\/sup\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESpray Interval\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(days)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPre-harvest Interval (days)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Altacor&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAltacor\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Echlorantroniliprole\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E10 - 14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Assail&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAssail\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Eacetamiprid\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003EEggs, larvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E12\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Calypso+480+SC&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECalypso\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Ethiacloprid\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003EEggs, larvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14 - 21\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E30\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Confirm&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EConfirm\u003C\/a\u003E 240F\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Etebufenozide\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E10 - 14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 104px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33817&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDanitol\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Efenpropathrin\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 101px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EN\/A\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E23\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Delegate&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDelegate\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Espinetoram\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 104px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Entrust&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C\/sup\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Espinosad\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 101px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7 - 10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Exirel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Ecyantraniliprole\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 101px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E10 - 14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=harvanta&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EHarvanta\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Ecyclaniliprole\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E10 - 14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Imidan+70&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EImidan\u003C\/a\u003E WP\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Ephosmet\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Intrepid&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIntrepid\u003C\/a\u003E 240F\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Emethoxyfenozide\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003EEggs, larvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14-21\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Minecto+Pro&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield\"\u003EMinecto\u003C\/a\u003E Pro\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Eabamectin + cyantraniliprole\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Elarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 101px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003En\/a\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E28\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:104px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Rimon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ERimon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:132px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003Enovaluron\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:82px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003EEggs, larvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:101px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:70px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E10 - 14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width:94px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=harvanta&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVirosoft CP4 or CyD-X\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Egranulovirus\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Elarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 101px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003En\/a\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 104px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=TwinGuard&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ETwinGuard\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Esulfoxaflur + spinetoram\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELarvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 101px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 104px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33711&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 132px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Etetraniliprole\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 82px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EEggs, larvae\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 101px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 70px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 94px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C\/sup\u003E As per label restrictions.    \u003Csup\u003E2 \u003C\/sup\u003ESu\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 20.8px;\"\u003Eppression only\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply Assail, Calypso, Intrepid, or Rimon during egg-laying starting around 150 degree days if codling moth damage was more than 1% the previous year. NOTE: Rimon is registered for use on apples only.  Application rates for Rimon depend on the concentration (0.93 or 1.4 L Rimon\/1000 L) of the spray mixture and the spray volume applied to provide thorough coverage (minimum 700 L\/ha (283 L\/acre)). Consult the product label before mixing Rimon 10 EC for correct spray volume according to tree height. Apply Altacor, Assail, Calypso, Confirm, Entrust, Exirel, Harvanta, Intrepid, Rimon, TwinGuard, or Virosoft after the degree-day total predicts that egg hatch is beginning (about 220-300 degree-days) and trap counts have reached the recommended treatment level. To be most effective, larvae must eat these products so thorough and timely coverage is essential. Apply Delegate once egg hatch is over 90% complete. Do not apply Intrepid after egg hatch is complete.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply additional first brood and second brood sprays only after pheromone trap captures reach treatment levels and the residual protection from sprays ends. Under low-rainfall conditions, Calypso provides about 2-3 weeks protection from codling moth damage; Assail, Confirm, Exirel, Imidan, Intrepid, and Rimon provide about 10 to 14 days protection. Larvae must eat Altacor, Assail, Confirm, Delegate, Exirel, Intrepid, and Rimon, to be most effective so thorough and timely coverage is essential.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch shows that application of neonicotinoid products such as Assail may cause increased mite populations. \u003Cstrong\u003ETherefore do not apply more than two applications of  Assail or Calypso either alone or alternately per season regardless of target pest (codling moth, aphids, leafhoppers, leafminers) to avoid mite flare-up. \u003C\/strong\u003ERimon may also disrupt biological mite control. If Sevin is used as a thinning spray in the same block treated with  Assail, and or Calypso, consider monitoring mite levels. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPesticide resistance management\u003C\/strong\u003E - It is important to alternate application of insecticides from different chemical groups or with different modes of action in order to avoid development of pesticide resistance. All insecticide products have a pesticide Group number displayed on the label.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESee the table in \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/ifpg.stagingatforest.net\/resources\/reference\/chemical-classification-pesticide-resistance-management\/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EChemical Groups and Pesticide Resistance Management\u003C\/a\u003E which lists the Group numbers for all pesticides recommended in the Guide to aid in selecting insecticides to avoid pesticide resistance development.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisit the OKSIR Program web site (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.OKSIR.org\"\u003Ewww.OKSIR.org\u003C\/a\u003E) for more information about codling moth control.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=virosoft&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVirosoft CP4\u003C\/a\u003E Granulovirus – Codling moth larvae must eat the virus before they enter the fruit, so thorough coverage is essential. The efficacy of the virus deteriorates quickly (short residual period). Apply weekly in the late afternoon or on a cloudy day throughout the period when codling moth larvae are emerging from eggs. Because the granulovirus does not kill codling moth larvae as quickly as most chemical sprays, some feeding damage will occur. Store Virosoft in a cool place between uses to reduce degradation of the granulovirus. This product is certified for use in organic production orchards.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Codling Moth"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"44","name":"Eyespotted Bud Moth","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIt is important to control the spring generation of bud moth larvae in order to reduce the need to control the summer generation that causes the economic damage.\u003C\/strong\u003E Refer to the descriptions of leafrollers for additional management practices to minimize bud moth damage. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply a biological insecticide (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26508&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDipel 2X DF\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24978&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EForay 48 BA\u003C\/a\u003E,  \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26854&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec CAF\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Bacillus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec Plus\u003C\/a\u003E) during bloom (and 10 days later if needed) will also provide control. \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24503&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EConfirm\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27786&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIntrepid\u003C\/a\u003E applied for control of obliquebanded and threelined leafrollers in the spring or summer will aid in suppression of any bud moth and codling moth larvae present. \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26835&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ESuccess\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30382&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28778&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDelegate\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28981&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAltacor\u003C\/a\u003E, and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30895&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel \u003C\/a\u003Ecan also be used for control of bud moth larvae at petal-fall and in the summer. Success and Entrust can harm earwigs and parasitic wasps exposed to direct sprays; however there is no threat once the residues dry. Lack of insecticide applications in the spring or for second generation codling moth may require one or more sprays in July and August. This is especially true for stone fruits. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Eyespotted Bud Moth"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"45","name":"Green Fruitworms","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERecommended products and timing for green fruitworm control in apple are:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPink – \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28981&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAltacor\u003C\/a\u003E,\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EBlossom – \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26508&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDipel 2X DF\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24978&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EForay 48BA\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26854&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec CAF\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Bacillus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec Plus\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPetal fall – Altacor, Dipel, Foray, \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33353&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECormoran\u003C\/a\u003E or Bioprotec\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003ERecommended products and timing for green fruitworm control in pear are:\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPink – Altacor\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EBlossom - Dipel, Foray or Bioprotec\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPetal fall – Altacor, Dipel, Foray or Bioprotec\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E An application of a biological insecticide containing \u003Cem\u003EBacillus thuringiensis \u003C\/em\u003E(Dipel, Foray, or Bioprotec) during bloom or at petal-fall will control green fruitworms and leafrollers and is not toxic to bees or predatory insects and mites. Best spray timing varies with species present and weather conditions. See discussion of \u003Cem\u003EBacillus thuringiensis\u003C\/em\u003E products under Fruittree and European leafrollers below.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EBt products (Dipel 2X DF, Foray 48BA  and Bioprotec CAF and Plus) are considered biological control products as their active ingredient ( a crystal toxic to caterpillars) is derived from naturally occurring \u003Cem\u003EBacillus thuringiensis \u003C\/em\u003Ebacterium.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Green Fruitworms"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"47","name":"Fruittree and European Leafrollers","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPruning will remove many egg masses. Prune older, low-density trees to open up the canopy and improve spray penetration and coverage, especially into the upper canopy. Thinning fruit to singles where practical will help reduce the risk of fruit damage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EChemical \u003C\/strong\u003E- Many populations of Fruittree (FTLR) and European (ELR) leafrollers in the Okanagan Valley are resistant to the diazinon. These populations are also resistant to \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24503&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EConfirm\u003C\/a\u003E (NOTE: Intrepid is not registered for control of these leafroller species). Therefore, do not apply Confirm if OP products no longer provide satisfactory control of leafrollers in your orchard. Alternative products for protecting fruit where resistant populations occur are \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30895&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E, Bt products (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26508&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDipel 2X DF\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24978&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EForay 48BA\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26854&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec CAF\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=bioprotec+plus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec Plus\u003C\/a\u003E), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26835&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ESuccess\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30382&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust\u003C\/a\u003E. If your orchard has resistant species as well as non-resistant two-generation leafrollers, use a Bt product, Exirel, Success or Entrust rather than Confirm to ensure control of all leafrollers. Success and Entrust can harm earwigs and parasitic wasps exposed to direct sprays; however the threat is reduced once the residues dry.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMating disruption \u003C\/strong\u003E– Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28814&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIsomate-CM\/LR TT\u003C\/a\u003E in apples, pears and cherries at a rate of 750 dispensers\/ha (300\/acre). Double the rate along margins of orchards. Read the general instructions for using mating disruption under Codling Moth. It is important that leafroller population levels are very low within the orchard and there are no nearby outside sources of mated females (e.g. fruit trees, roses, raspberries, cottonwoods, chokecherry, alder, willow, dogwood, big-leaf maple, hawthorn, antelope bush, lupine). This control option also requires effective spring larval control. These product also provide mating disruption of any male obliquebanded leafroller, threelined leafroller and codling moths present in the treated orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Bt products \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26508&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDipel 2X DF\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24978&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EForay 48BA\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26854&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec CAF\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Bacillus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec Plus\u003C\/a\u003E contain a toxic crystal produced by the bacterium \u003Cem\u003EBacillus thuringiensis\u003C\/em\u003E (Bt). The crystal is toxic once consumed by fruittree and European leafrollers and other caterpillars. The toxin makes holes in the gut lining allowing other bacteria to enter the ‘blood’ system of the caterpillars and slowly kill them. Infested caterpillars will stop feeding within hours and eventually die over the next 2 to 5 days. Caterpillars receiving a dose of Bt that does not kill them will resume feeding in about 7 days. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBest results are obtained when Bt is applied during blossom or petal-fall. Research and field reports indicate that mixing Bt products with ATS for application to apple during bloom does not affect the performance of either product. Because caterpillars must eat the Bt to be most effective, thorough coverage and correct timing are essential to ensure proper performance of Bt products. It is important that travel speed allow for sufficient displacement of air from the tree canopy to ensure thorough and uniform spray penetration and coverage. Where leafroller and green fruitworm numbers are low to moderate, a single application of Bt in late bloom has given good control. However, where larval numbers are high, apply a bloom spray followed by a second spray 7 days later.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBecause Bt is sensitive to sunlight it is recommended that Bt products be applied in the very early morning or after 4:00 PM in the afternoon. Bt products can be applied during the day if partial or full cloud cover is present and there is no threat of rain for at least 24 hours. The optimum solution pH for Bt products is 6. Some breakdown occurs above that point and it is unstable above pH 8. To avoid possible degradation in the spray tank, apply the Bt immediately within 18 hours of mixing. Control is also improved if Bt is applied under warm (> 15\uf0b0C) temperatures. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBt products are not toxic to bees or other beneficial insects and mites and are not phytotoxic. They are compatible with most insecticides and fungicides. Do not combine with highly alkaline materials such as Bordeaux mixture or lime-sulphur. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENOTE:\u003C\/strong\u003E Liquid formulations of Bt (Foray 48BA and Bioprotec CAF) should be used within 6 months of the date of manufacture (see product or package label).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Fruittree and European Leafrollers"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"48","name":"Obliquebanded and Threelined Leafrollers","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EIt is also important to prune trees to allow thorough penetration and coverage of sprays. Because larvae like to feed where two fruit are in contact, thin fruit to singles where practical. Elimination or spraying of unmanaged host trees next to commercial host crops can help reduce leafroller pressure.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIt is essential to control the spring generation of obliquebanded (OBLR) and threelined (TLLR) leafrollers in order to reduce the need to control the summer generations\u003C\/strong\u003E that are much more difficult to control (increased canopy density, spread out generation time). If no insecticides are applied in the spring or for second generation codling moth, one or more sprays may be needed in July or August against the first summer generation, and possibly in late September to protect the late-maturing fruit from the second summer (overwintering) generation of larvae. An effective spring control program is also necessary if planning to use mating disruption for control of summer generations.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIt is also essential that you calibrate and operate your sprayer properly to ensure optimal performance of pest control products. It is important that travel speed allow for sufficient displacement of air from the tree canopy to ensure thorough and uniform spray penetration and coverage.\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESpring Control\u003C\/strong\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIf significant leafroller damage was evident the previous season or if larval monitoring indicates a potentially serious problem, apply a Bt product (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Dipel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDipel\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Foray+48BA&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EForay 48BA\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26854&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec CAF\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Bacillus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec PLUS\u003C\/a\u003E) during bloom and repeat in 7 days if some larvae survived the first spray. Bt will also control any Bruce spanworm, fruitworm and bud moth larvae present. Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Confirm+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EConfirm \u003C\/a\u003E(maximum 3 applications to apples and pears) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Intrepid+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIntrepid \u003C\/a\u003E(maximum 2 applications, apples only) from late bloom to petal fall to control the spring larval generation. These products will also control other leafroller and bud moth larvae present at the time of application. Because organophosphate-resistant OBLR are also resistant to Confirm and Intrepid, do not apply Confirm or Intrepid if the OBLR population is resistant to organophosphate insecticides (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=29064&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EImidan WP\u003C\/a\u003E). Thorough coverage is essential for effective control because the larvae must eat Confirm and Intrepid. These products are specific for caterpillars and will not harm beneficial insects and mites. Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Success&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ESuccess\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30382&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust\u003C\/a\u003E (maximum 3 applications per season) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Delegate+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDelegate \u003C\/a\u003E(maximum 3 applications per season), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Altacor&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAltacor\u003C\/a\u003E (maximum 3 applications per season, or 2 applications per season for rates above 215 g\/ha), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Exirel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E (maximum 4 applications per year), \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33817&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDanitol\u003C\/a\u003E (maximum 1 application per season), \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33711&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC\u003C\/a\u003E (maximum 3 applications per season), or \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=harvanta&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EHarvanta\u003C\/a\u003E (maximum 3 applications per season) for control of spring OBLR and TLLR on pome and stone fruit. Again thorough and uniform coverage is essential because larvae must eat the product to provide maximum control. These products will also control other leafroller and bud moth larvae present as well as the sap feeder stage of tentiform leafminer. Success and Entrust will also provide control of thrips. Success and Entrust can harm earwigs and parasitic wasps exposed to direct sprays; however the threat is reduced once the residues dry.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummer Control\u003C\/strong\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBe aware that foliage density and area will be greater than in the spring so make adjustments to sprayer operation to ensure thorough coverage. For suppression of summer generations of leafrollers, apply Confirm (maximum 3 applications, apples and pears only) or Intrepid (maximum 2 applications, apples only) about 10-14 days after biofix and repeat not less than 10-14 days later if necessary. Or, using a degree-day model (base 10°C beginning February 1), once biofix is established, apply Confirm or Intrepid between 120 and 140 DD (corresponds to start of egg hatch) and again between 210 and 240 DD if necessary (corresponds to about 50% egg hatch). Field reports indicate that an application at the second timing is essential for satisfactory reduction of feeding damage, regardless of the timing of the first application. To prevent or delay the development of resistance to Confirm and Intrepid in non-organophosphate resistant leafroller populations, do not apply it against successive generations of leafroller larvae. These products will also aid in control of any exposed codling moth larvae. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply Success or Entrust (maximum 3 applications per season) or Delegate (maximum 3 applications per season) or Altacor (maximum 3 applications per season, or 2 applications per season for rates above 215g\/ha) or Exirel (maximum 3 applications per season), TwinGuard (maximum 2 applications per season) or Harvanta (maximum 3 applications per season)  to all pome and stone fruits or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Rimon+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ERimon \u003C\/a\u003E(maximum 3 applications per season to stone fruits only for control of summer generations of OBLR and TLLR. Again thorough and uniform coverage is essential because the larvae must eat product to provide maximum control. These products will also control any bud moth or other species of leafroller larvae present.  Rotate the use of Success or Entrust or Delegate with other control products to prevent or delay the development of resistance. Success Entrust and Delegate can harm earwigs and parasitic wasps exposed to direct sprays; however the threat is reduced once the residues dry. Rimon may be harmful to predatory mites.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMating disruption \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Isomate-CM%2FLR+TT&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIsomate-CM\/LR TT\u003C\/a\u003E in apples, pears and cherries at a rate of 750 dispensers\/ha (300\/acre). Double the rate along margins of orchards. Read the general instructions for using mating disruption under Codling Moth. It is important that leafroller population levels are very low within the orchard and there are no nearby outside sources of mated females (e.g. fruit trees, roses, raspberries, cottonwoods, chokecherry, alder, willow, dogwood, big-leaf maple, hawthorn, antelope bush, lupine). This control option also requires effective spring larval control. These products also provide mating disruption of any fruittree leafroller, European leafroller and codling moth male moths present in the treated orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESee the discussion under \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/47\/Fruittree_and_European_Leafrollers\"\u003Efruittree and European leafrollers\u003C\/a\u003E for use of \u003Cem\u003EBacillus thuringiensis \u003C\/em\u003E(\u003Cem\u003EBt\u003C\/em\u003E) products Dipel, Foray and Bioprotec for early-season (spring) control of OBLR and TLLR. Some success has been achieved against summer generations using \u003Cem\u003EBt\u003C\/em\u003E products, especially in cherry blocks within a few days of harvest. Repeat treatments at 7-day intervals may be necessary due to the extended length of time larvae are present.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Obliquebanded and Threelined Leafrollers"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"49","name":"European Red Mite","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EHealthy, well-maintained trees will tolerate higher mite populations than weak or stressed trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EIf predatory mites are present in apple and pear orchards and not exposed to harmful sprays (such as several Sevin thinning sprays), summer sprays of miticides are not usually necessary. No action threshold has been determined for European red mite on soft fruits except where noted below.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEarly season\u003C\/strong\u003E- On apple, if an average of over 50 European red mite eggs per spur is present in the dormant sample, apply dormant oil during the 15 mm green-bud to tight-cluster bud stage. This spray is especially important to integrated control because it favours survival of predatory mites and apple rust mite. Oil has a physical effect on mite eggs. A physical control method is not susceptible to resistance development. A well-applied oil spray will keep European red mites at a low level until summer.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIf the number of overwintering European red mite eggs is greater than 50 eggs per spur between petal fall and first cover, use either of the following miticides as per label instructions:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=21035&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EApollo SC\u003C\/a\u003E on apple, nectarine, peach, and pear after bloom when adult mites first appear. Apollo is a specific miticide that acts primarily on mite eggs and has some effect on young mites but does not control adult mites. Apollo does not harm predatory mites, bees or beneficial insects. Do not apply Apollo more than once per season.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24551&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAgri-Mek 1.9% EC\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=31607&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAgri-Mek SC\u003C\/a\u003E plus 0.25% oil before there are 5 mites per leaf on apple and before 2 mites per leaf on pear. Do no apply more than once per season on apple or more than twice per season on pear. Apply Agri-Mek with 0.25% oil to improve absorption of the chemical into the leaves and to increase the residual control of mites. Applications later in the season have shorter residual control as older leaves absorb less chemical. Agri-Mek plus oil treatment may cause russeting on thin-skinned apple varieties such as Golden Delicious and on d’Anjou pears. Use Agri-Mek in rotation with products with different modes of action to avoid development of pesticide resistance. Check the product label for additional precautions.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33817&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDanitol\u003C\/a\u003E on apple. Maximum one application per year. Restricted entry interval (REI) varies depending on activity. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28051&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEnvidor 240SC\u003C\/a\u003E on all tree fruits except prunes and plums. Do not apply more than once per season nor within 7 days of harvest. Envidor controls all stages of European red mite and will also control any spider mites and rust mites present.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27925&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAcramite 50 WS\u003C\/a\u003E on apple. Do not apply more than once per season nor within 7 days of harvest. Will also control any spider mites present.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28641&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EKanemite 15 SC\u003C\/a\u003E on apple and pear. Do not apply more than once per season nor within 14 days of harvest. Will also control any two-spotted spider mites present.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=nealta&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ENealta Miticide\u003C\/a\u003E on apple and pear. Nealta controls all life stages of European red mites and will also control any spider mites present. Do not apply more than two times per season nor within 7 days of harvest.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25135&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ENexter 75WP\u003C\/a\u003E on apples and pears; do not apply more than two times per season or within 25 days of harvest. Controls all stages of mite development. Also controls rust mites.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummer-\u003C\/strong\u003E See the precaution under Monitoring above regarding impact Sevin thinning sprays and use of Alias, Assail and\/or Admire on apple. Control of European red mite on apple is only necessary if a leaf examination of trees throughout the orchard, or in a problem area, shows that there is an average of more than 15 active red mites per leaf and more than 10 red mites for each predatory mite. After mid-July, European red mite levels can reach 30-50 or more per leaf, particularly on vigorous trees, before spraying is necessary. At these levels, some leaf mottling or bronzing may occur but will not affect fruit size and colour and next year’s crop.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERecommended summer sprays are:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EAcramite on apple\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EEnvidor on all tree fruits except prunes and plums\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ENexter on apple, pear, sweet and sour cherries\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EAgri-Mek plus 0.25% oil on apple and pear\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EKanemite on apple and pear\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ENealta on apple and pear\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27666&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EPurespray Green Spray Oil 13E \u003C\/a\u003E(suppression only)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEnvidor, Nexter, Nealta, Purespray Green Spray Oil 13E and Agri-Mek are satisfactory for integrated control as they do not eliminate predatory mites. Do not use Envidor, Nealta or Nexter  more than once per season.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPesticide resistance management\u003C\/strong\u003E - It is important to alternate products from different chemical classes or with different modes of action to avoid the development of resistance. To prevent development of resistance to any class of chemicals, do not use products with the same Group Number (see product label or Spray Schedules) in successive sprays.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESeveral species of predatory insects and mites attack all stages of plant-feeding mites to keep populations below damaging levels in most tree fruits. Pear trees cannot tolerate high enough numbers of plant-feeding mites to support the predatory mites needed in integrated control. Chemicals applied for controlling other pests and diseases may upset the ratio of plant-feeding to predatory mites, reducing the effect of biological control. Therefore all pesticides and application rates recommended for integrated mite control in apple will conserve predatory mites. Refer to the table – \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/resources\/reference\/relative-toxicity-ratings\/\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003ERelative Toxicity of Insecticides\/Miticides to Common Beneficial Mites and Insects \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E– as an aid to selecting least disruptive control products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"European Red Mite"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"50","name":"Rust Mites and Pearleaf Blister Mite","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EHealthy, well-maintained trees will tolerate higher mite populations than weak or stressed trees. Winter pruning will remove many overwintering rust mites.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERefer to the table \u003Cem\u003ERelative Toxicity of Insecticides\/Miticides to Common Beneficial Mites and Insects\u003C\/em\u003E as an aid to selecting least disruptive control products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EApple rust mite \u003C\/em\u003E- Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Envidor&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEnvidor\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Pyramite&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EPyramite\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Acramite&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAcramite\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Agri-Mek&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAgri-Mek\u003C\/a\u003E or wettable sulphur products (see pear rust mite below) to control economic populations.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EPear rust mite\u003C\/em\u003E - Apply a miticide if an average of one rust mite per fruit is found. Dormant and pink sprays applied for pear psylla control will suppress pear rust mite. Apply Envidor (maximum once per season), a wettable sulphur product (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Cosavet&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECosavet DF Edge\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Kumulus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EKumulus\u003C\/a\u003E, or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Microthiol+Disperss&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMicrothiol Disperss\u003C\/a\u003E). \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Nexter&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ENexter\u003C\/a\u003E or Agri-Mek with oil (see discussion of Agri-Mek under European red mite). Do not apply sulphur products to Anjou pear.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EPearleaf blister mite\u003C\/em\u003E - If damage was evident on fruit last year, apply a dormant spray of lime-sulphur or a wettable sulphur (see pear rust mite above)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPesticide resistance management\u003C\/strong\u003E - It is important to alternate products from different chemical classes or with different modes of action to avoid the development of resistance. Consult the Spray Schedules which list \u003Cstrong\u003EGroup Numbers\u003C\/strong\u003E in order to select miticides with different chemical class group numbers to rotate as part of a resistance management program.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EConservation of moderate numbers of apple rust mite is important. This mite serves as a valuable food source for \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/83\/Predatory_Mites\"\u003Epredatory mites\u003C\/a\u003E, allowing their survival early in the season so that they are available when needed to control European red mite. Consider a spray only when apple rust mites reach an average of 300-600 per leaf. 600 mites per leaf may cause little damage. Based on field observations, use the action threshold of 200 rust mites per leaf for Jonagold and Braeburn and in some cases Fuji and Gala. Base the final decision to spray on visible leaf damage. Unnecessary sprays can destroy rust mites resulting in the disappearance of predatory mites and a buildup of spider mites (two spotted, McDaniel spider mites or European red mites). Predatory mites are usually not numerous enough in pear trees to keep pear rust mites below damaging levels.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Rust Mites and Pearleaf Blister Mite"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"51","name":"McDaniel, Twospotted Spider Mites","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EHealthy, well-maintained trees will tolerate higher mite populations than weak or stressed trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EChemical control on apple is not required if predatory mites are present to keep McDaniel and twospotted spider mites at low to moderate levels. See chemical control of \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/49\/European_Red_Mite\"\u003EEuropean red mite\u003C\/a\u003E for recommended summer sprays if required to control spider mites.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBecause pear is more susceptible to spider mite damage, early detection and control is often necessary to prevent losses. A petal-fall application of \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=apollo&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EApollo SC\u003C\/a\u003E will provide season-long control. Apply when mite populations are mainly in the egg stage and there are fewer than 3 mites per leaf.  Use  \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=envidor&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEnvidor\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=nexter&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ENexter\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=nealta&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ENealta\u003C\/a\u003E for summer control of mites. Envidor controls all stages of spider mites and also controls any pear rust mite present. Do not apply more than once per season. \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=kanemite&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EKanemite 15 EC\u003C\/a\u003E  will control all stages of   spider mites. Apply Kanemite before economic thresholds are reached. Nealta will control all life stages of spider mites. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPesticide resistance management\u003C\/strong\u003E - It is important to alternate products from different chemical classes or with different modes of action to avoid the development of resistance. Select miticides with different Group Numbers (see product label or Spray Schedules) to rotate as part of a resistance management program. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EApple trees can tolerate the moderate numbers of spider mites that normally occur when predatory mites and insects are present. Pear cannot tolerate the level of spider mites needed to support populations of predatory mites. Chemicals applied for controlling other pests and diseases on apple may upset the ratio of plant feeding to predatory mites, reducing the effect of biological control. Refer to the table – \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/resources\/reference\/relative-toxicity-ratings\/\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003ERelative Toxicity of Insecticides\/Miticides to Common Beneficial Mites and Insects\u003C\/em\u003E \u003C\/a\u003E– as an aid to selecting least disruptive control products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"McDaniel, Twospotted Spider Mites"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"52","name":"Mullein Bug (Campylomma)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERemoval of mullein in and around the orchard may be helpful. Avoid large plantings of corn or potatoes in or near orchards.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EApply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Alias&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAlias\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Admire&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAdmire\u003C\/a\u003E , \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33353&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECormoran\u003C\/a\u003E, Vayego SC200 (suppression only) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Calypso&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECalypso\u003C\/a\u003E at early petal-fall if needed once the bees are no longer foraging in the block. Calypso is the least harmful to bees (see \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/horticulture\/varieties-and-pollination\/\"\u003EBee Poisoning\u003C\/a\u003E in Horticulture\/Varieties and Pollination). Do not apply Alias, Admire or Calypso more than twice per season for all registered pests. See the precautions regarding use of Alias, Admire and Calypso under apple aphid and mite control.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Mullein Bug (Campylomma)"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"53","name":"Peach Tree Borer","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EInstall a metal cone-shaped collar around the base of the tree before eggs are laid to prevent larvae from boring into tree base. Kill larvae in tunnels by probing with a wire or by opening the tunnels to find and destroy them. Alternatively, wrap polyester batting around the base of infested trees prior to adult emergence to trap and remove emerging adult moths.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFoliar sprays\u003C\/strong\u003E - For protection of planted trees, spray if traps capture an average of one moth per trap per week in a block of young trees, two moths per trap per week in a mature block. Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Rimon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ERimon\u003C\/a\u003E from ground level to lower scaffold limbs 7-10 days after first moth capture in pheromone traps (mid to late June) and 3 weeks later. For effective control it is essential to apply sprays for 2 or more consecutive years. Ensure thorough and uniform application using a hand gun sprayer operated at not more than 300 kPa. For suppression only, apply Delegate 7 - 10 days after first adult trap catch, in same manner as Rimon.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMating Disruption\u003C\/strong\u003E- An alternative to chemical sprays is to use \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27141&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIsomate-P\u003C\/a\u003E dispensers for mating disruption of adult peach tree borers in all soft fruit blocks. Consult the product label for instructions on application. It is important to apply the dispensers before moth emergence in order to delay mating. Blocks less than 1 ha in area, with uneven tree density and size, and irregular borders are less suited for optimum performance of Isomate-P. It is important that the population level is very low in the block and there are no nearby outside sources of mated females. Monitor outside rows adjacent to unmanaged host trees for moths and apply spray to border rows as necessary. This tactic is proving very effective when applied as per label instructions.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Peach Tree Borer"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"54","name":"Peach Twig Borer","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EIf an average of two or more first brood moths are caught per trap per week, apply treatments 10-14 days later to control adults and emerged larvae. To ensure good crop protection, continue monitoring for second brood moths until at least mid-August. Apply a second spray 10-14 days if moth captures exceed an average of five moths per trap. Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Altacor&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAltacor\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Exirel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E, within 7 days of first trap catch of adult male moths.  \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Imidan+70&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EImidan 70WP\u003C\/a\u003E lasts about 2 weeks and Altacor 7 days.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EImidan is registered for use on peaches only against this pest (maximum four applications\/season)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERecommended treatments and timing are:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDormant\/delayed dormant: \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Rimon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ERimon\u003C\/a\u003E, Harvanta, Danitol\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPink: Imidan WP, Decis\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPetal fall - Imidan, Altacor, Exirel, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Success&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ESuccess\u003C\/a\u003E\/\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30382&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust\u003C\/a\u003E, Rimon, Harvanta, Decis,\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPetal fall (peach only) - \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Decis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDecis\u003C\/a\u003E, Imidan, Danitol\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EHusk fall (apricot) - Spinosad\/Entrust\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer – Altacor, Exirel, Rimon, Success\/Entrust, Imidan, Harvanta, Danitol\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBacillus thuringiensis\u003C\/em\u003E (Bt) products (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26508&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDipel 2X DF\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Foray+48BA&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EForay 48BA\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Bioprotec+CAF&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec CAF\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Bacillus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBioprotec PLUS\u003C\/a\u003E) are effective if applied when larvae are first noticed and before they tunnel into twigs, buds or fruit.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Peach Twig Borer"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"55","name":"Pear Psylla","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EReduce excessive tree vigour by limiting nitrogen applications and summer pruning to reduce psylla numbers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDormant to Pink Bud Stage\u003C\/strong\u003E - Apply a dormant or pink spray if one or more psylla adults are collected per limb tap in the spring. Dormant oil sprays applied in early March will discourage psylla from laying eggs on pear trees for about 6 weeks until leaves emerge. The addition of lime-sulfur to this early dormant oil treatment will improve control of adult psylla and also suppress pear rust mite and pearleaf blister mite. If the average number of psylla per limb tap remains at or above one, apply a second half-rate of oil.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummer\u003C\/strong\u003E- For summer control of pear psylla, apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Agri-Mek+SC&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAgri-Mek SC\u003C\/a\u003E with oil, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Assail&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAssail\u003C\/a\u003E, insecticidal soap, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Nexter&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ENexter\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Movento+240&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento 240 SC\u003C\/a\u003E. Do not exceed 1500 mL Agri-Mek per ha per season. Agri-Mek plus oil may cause fruit injury to d’Anjou when temperatures exceed 30°C within 24 hours of application. Application of Agri-Mek will also control twospotted spider mite, European red mite, and pear rust mite. Use Agri-Mek in rotation with products with different modes of action to avoid development of pesticide resistance.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAssail has short residual activity against adult psylla (2-3 days), however the chemical is absorbed into the leaves where it will provide up to 7 days protection at label rates (67-240 g\/ha). Do not apply more than 2 times per season. This product will also control any codling moth larvae present at the time of application. Lower rates have less impact on beneficial insects and allow quicker rebound after application.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAn alternative to Agri-Mek is insecticidal soap. Soap sprays are very effective against nymphs, partially effective against adults and not effective against eggs. Spray volumes of 2000 L\/ha or more must be used for soap sprays to be effective. Apply the first sprays when newly hatched nymphs appear on new growth. Repeat treatments at 10-14 day intervals as long as the nymphs are present so that they don’t develop to the hard-shell stage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply Movento in combination with a recommended non-ionic adjuvant (e.g. Agral 90) after petal fall. Movento should be applied when sufficient leaf tissue is present to allow for maximum uptake of the active ingredient by the plant. Movento is slow-acting so allow 12 – 18 days for noticeable decline in populations.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPesticide resistance management \u003C\/strong\u003E– Psylla can develop resistance to successively applied insecticides from the same chemical class or with the same mode of action.  Always select products with different Group numbers to alternate in a rotational program to prevent or minimize the risk of pesticide resistance.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIntegrated Control Program \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe integrated control of pear psylla involves the combined use of cultural and biological control methods (see above) with the careful selection and application of chemical control products for psylla and other pests. It is important to monitor psylla and beneficials as well as to keep accurate records of monitoring results and spray treatments (see Grower’s Forms) for the program to be most successful.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EProducts recommended for psylla control are as listed above under Chemical Control. For other pests, apply only products that do not harm psylla predators. For leafrollers and bud moth, an effective spring control program is essential to minimize the need for summer control sprays (see discussion for leafroller control). Apply a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) product (Dipel, Foray or Bioprotec), Confirm, Success\/Entrust, Delegate, Exirel or Altacor when larvae are actively feeding in the spring. These products will also control any fruitworm present. Ensure thorough coverage because leafroller larvae must eat these products to be most effective. Do not apply Confirm for control of leafroller populations tolerant to organophosphate products. Success can harm earwigs and parasitic wasps exposed to direct sprays but the threat is reduced once the residues dry.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor codling moth, use Altacor, Assail, Calypso, Delegate, Exirel or TwinGuard if and when the treatment threshold is reached to supplement the release of sterile moths (see Codling Moth description). Mating disruption products Isomate-C Plus or Isomate CM Flex (codling moth only) or Isomate-CM\/LRTT (codling moth and leafrollers) is another supplemental control option.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETreat orchards requiring control of San Jose scale with dormant oil prebloom.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor control of European red mite and McDaniel spider mite during the summer, use Apollo, Envidor, Kanemite or Nexter. Apollo is harmless to predatory mites. Use Kumulus or Cosavet DF for control of pear rust mite.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EMany predatory insects such as the mullein bug (campylomma), pirate bugs (anthocorids), lacewings, ladybird beetles, earwigs and some species of ants, feed upon pear psylla. Preservation of these beneficial insects by avoiding use of certain chemicals has proven to be effective in reducing psylla numbers. Refer to the table \u003Cem\u003ERelative Toxicity Rating of Insecticides\/Miticides to Common Beneficial Insects and Mites\u003C\/em\u003E to aid in selecting the least disruptive products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Pear Psylla"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"56","name":"European Fruit Scale","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPruning to keep trees low and elimination of long pruning stubs will improve spray coverage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EApply thoroughly one or more sprays to protect fruit in infested blocks. A single well-applied spray at tight cluster will give adequate protection in orchards where there is no encrusted scale. Blocks with large trees having encrusted scale under rough bark require careful attention to spray coverage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERecommended spray timings and products:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EDormant to tight cluster \u003C\/em\u003E- See San Jose scale for recommended products and spray coverage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESpray coverage\u003C\/strong\u003E - Complete spray coverage of the trees is extremely important in controlling scale. Because the scale caps lodge underneath rough bark, the spray material must run down behind loose bark to reach them. Effective control requires at least 2200 L\/ha (200 gal.\/acre) of dormant or summer spray mixture.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn large old trees with encrusted scale under rough bark, an even higher volume of spray material is required. Apply the extra volume by handgun to ensure all limbs with rough bark are thoroughly drenched. Alternatively, the trees may be sprayed from four sides with an airblast sprayer using a total of 4500 L\/ha (400 gal.\/acre) of spray mixture. When spraying trees from four sides, use the same travel speed and the same nozzle arrangement as when spraying from two sides, but put half the amount of chemical in the tank. Apply the same amount of chemical per hectare with twice the amount of water.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor satisfactory control with airblast sprayers, spray at low speed and only under absolute calm. Keep trees as low as possible and remove long pruning stubs that interfere with spray distribution. Remove props from trees before spraying.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn high density plantings, ensure the trunk and lower limbs are sprayed thoroughly as these areas provide sources of re-infestation later in the summer if left unsprayed in the spring.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ENative predators and parasites are not adequate to prevent fruit infestation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"European Fruit Scale"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"57","name":"San Jose Scale","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EDuring harvest mark areas where many scale are present. Prune out heavily infested branches and long pruning stubs that interfere with spray coverage. Consider removing large old trees encrusted with scale.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EInfested blocks need one or more annual sprays to protect the fruit. A single well-applied spray at tight cluster will give adequate protection in orchards where there is no encrusted scale. Blocks with large trees having encrusted scale under rough bark require careful attention to spray coverage and additional post-bloom sprays.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESpray coverage\u003C\/strong\u003E - Thorough spray coverage of the trees is extremely important in controlling scale. Because the scale caps lodge underneath rough bark, the spray material must run down behind loose bark to reach them. Effective control requires at least 2200 L\/ha of dormant or summer spray mixture. On large old trees with encrusted scale under rough bark, an even higher volume of spray material is required. Apply the extra volume by handgun to ensure all limbs with rough bark are thoroughly drenched. Alternatively, the trees may be sprayed from four sides with an airblast sprayer using a total of 4500 L\/ha of spray mixture. When spraying trees from four sides, use the same travel speed and the same nozzle arrangement as when spraying from two sides, but put half the amount of chemical in the tank. Apply the same amount of chemical per hectare with twice the amount of water. For satisfactory control with airblast machines, spray at low speed and only under absolute calm. Keep trees as low as possible and remove long pruning stubs that interfere with spray distribution. Remove props from trees before spraying. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERecommended spray timings and products:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cem\u003EDormant to tight cluster \u003C\/em\u003E- dormant oil (will also help control aphids, European red mite and European fruit scale).\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cem\u003ESummer\u003C\/em\u003E -  Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Closer&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECloser\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Movento&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=TwinGuard&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ETwinGuard\u003C\/a\u003E when crawlers are active. A surfactant (eg. \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Agral+90&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAgral 90\u003C\/a\u003E) is required for Movento.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor best control of scale insect problems use high volume sprays with recommended products to ensure thorough and uniform coverage of tree surfaces, \u003Cu\u003Eincluding the trunks\u003C\/u\u003E. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ENative predators and parasites are not adequate to prevent fruit infestation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"San Jose Scale"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"58","name":"Shothole Borer","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EEncouraging optimum tree growth and proper orchard sanitation (removing all dead or weak trees and wood) will aid control. Discarded orchard wood, including firewood, is a breeding source for this pest for up to one year. Do not pile wood within orchards because beetles breeding in wood will attack nearby trees. Repeated attacks by heavy populations will kill healthy stone fruit trees. Intercept beetles flying into orchards by placing bundles of three or four 1 to 2 metre-long hardwood tree logs (harvested within the previous year) at 10-20 metre intervals along borders adjacent to wooded areas. Puncture the bark several times to improve release of odours attractive to shothole borers. Destroy the trap logs before the new adults emerge (mid-August).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ENo chemical control is available.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Shothole Borer"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"59","name":"Spotted Wing Drosophila","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EField sanitation is critical to control of spotted wing drosophila. Remove and dispose of infested ripe, overripe and rotten fruit which serve as source of food for larvae to complete development. Seal cull fruit in plastic bags or cover cull piles with plastic and allow to heat in the sun for a week or place culls in bins or half bins lined with bin liners and seal for at least 5 days before disposal or send culls to the landfill for disposal. Mowing the orchard floor immediately after harvest to destroy fruit on the ground may help. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EApply a recommended control product when the cherries are turning straw coloured. See table below for a list of recommended products. Keep cherries protected to harvest by rotating products to minimize risk of pesticide resistance development. Do not exceed the maximum number of applications per year for all labeled uses of the products. These products will only control the adults, not maggots. Check MRL requirements for fruit exports. Tighten up spray intervals close to harvest.  Note:  Assail and GF-120 used for cherry fruit fly control will NOT control spotted wing drosophila.  It is important that all growers in an infested area participate in controlling spotted wing drosophila because a single unmanaged orchard will serve as a source of infestation for nearby susceptible orchards. Apply post-harvest insecticide sprays to cherries for cherry fruit fly control immediately after harvest.  Apply Assail in Lapins, Sweetheart, Sonata and Santina.  Dimethoate works well for other varieties and will also control spotted wing drosophila.      \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERegistered products for spotted wing drosophila control on stone fruit in British Columbia    \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECheck MRL requirements for fruit exports. Tighten up spray intervals close to harvest. Rotate Group 5 insecticides with other groups for resistance management.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"992\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrade Name \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(active ingredient)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGroup\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERegistered Crop\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERate \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMaximum Number \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Eof Sprays\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPre-harvest \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EInterval (days)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWorker  Re-entry\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELabel Spray Interval (days)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOther Pests Controlled\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 161px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPrecautions and Notes\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDelegate  \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(spinetoram)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone fruit\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E420 g\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(170 g\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E5 (cherry)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3 (prune, plum, apricot)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E1 (peach, nectarine)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E12h\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELeafrollers\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ECherry fruit fly\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 161px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELabel spray timings for 3 applications on cherries are 30, 12, and 5 days before harvest.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 123px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEntrust  \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(spinosad)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 56px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 85px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone fruit\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 123px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E364 mL\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(147 mL\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 75px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3 (cherry)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Edry\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Esee notes\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 85px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELeafrollers\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ECherry fruit fly, Peach twig borer\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 161px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELabel spray timings for 3 applications of spinosads on cherries are 28, 10, and 3 days before harvest. Rotate Group 5 insecticides with other groups for resistance management.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EEntrust is allowed in organic production. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E1 (peach, nectarine)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Edry\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 17px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7 - 10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 18px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3 (plum, prune, apricot)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 18px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Edry\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 18px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7 -10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 123px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESuccess\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(spinosad)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 56px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 85px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone fruit\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 123px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E182 mL\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(74 mL\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 75px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3(cherry)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Edry\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Esee notes\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 85px; height: 22px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELeafrollers\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EPeach twig borer \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 27px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E1 (peach, nectarine)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 27px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Edry\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 27px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7 - 10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3 (plum, prune, apricot)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003Edry\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7 - 10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExirel\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(cyantraniliprole)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E28\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone fruit\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E1000 - 1500 mL\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(405 - 607mL\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E12 h\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAphids\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELeafrollers\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ECherry fruit fly\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 161px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not tank mix with Flint, Pristine, Cabrio, Copper or Captan fungicides.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 123px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C\/sup\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMalathion 85 E \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(malathion)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 56px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1B\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone fruit\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E610-855 mL\/1000 L water \/ ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(247 - 346 mL\/405 L water\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E12 h\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7 - 10\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAphids\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 161px; height: 42px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EMay be effective for 5 days. May cause leaf drop or fruit finish problems on cherries, particularly when hot, or in low water volumes. Works better at temperatures above 20°C.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EGrape\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E880 mL\/ 1000 L water \/ ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(356 mL\/405 L water\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E12 h - 3 days\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(see label)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 123px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C\/sup\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMako Insecticide\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(cypermethrin)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EFormerly known as Ripcord\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 56px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone fruit\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E150 mL\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(61 mL\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E12 h\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 161px; height: 38px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESuppression of SWD. Short residual (3-5 days) when temperatures are above 25\u2070C. May cause mite flare-ups. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EGrape\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E150 mL\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(61 mL\/acre)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E2 (mechanical harvest)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E6 (hand harvest)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E12 h\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E-14 days (see label)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 123px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EImidan 70 WP \u003C\/strong\u003E(phosmet)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 56px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1B\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone fruit (except sweet cherries)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E2.68 kg\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(1.08 kg\/ac)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E4 (sour cherry, peach)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3 (plum)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E7 (sour cherry)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14 (peach, plum)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E3 (sour cherry)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E7 (peach, plum)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EPeach twig borer, Cherry fruit fly\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 161px; height: 58px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EUse a spray interval of 7-10 days. Do NOT use on sweet cherries. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EGrape\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E2.2 kg\/ha\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E(0.9 kg\/ac)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 75px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E14\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 161px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EUse a spray interval of 7-10 days.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C\/sup\u003EEmergency registrations                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         \u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cem\u003EJune 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe product below is not registered for spotted wing drosophila control in Canada, but is registered for other insects.  \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"width: 981px;\" width=\"981\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cthead\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrade Name \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(active ingredient)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGroup\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERegistered Crop\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMaximum Number \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Eof Sprays\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPre-harvest \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EInterval (days)\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWorker Re-entry \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPest(s) Controlled\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth style=\"width: 312px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPrecautions and Notes\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/thead\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECygon 480 EC \/ Lagon 480 E \u003C\/strong\u003E(dimethoate )\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1B\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ECherry\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E21\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E45 (export cherries)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp align=\"center\"\u003E24 h*\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 109px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ECherry fruit fly\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAphids\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"width: 312px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EEffective on SWD adults. Some systemic activity against SWD eggs and larvae. Phytotoxic to some cherry varieties, particularly Lapins and varieties with Lapins parentage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENote: \u003Cstrong\u003EAdmire, Assail and GF-120\u003C\/strong\u003E registered for other pests will NOT control spotted wing drosophila.\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cem\u003E                                                                                                          June 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESusanna Acheampong  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBC Ministry of Agriculture, Kelowna\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E250 861 7681\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere is ongoing research on predatory insects and parasitic wasps for spotted wing drosophila control.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Spotted Wing Drosophila"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"60","name":"Western Flower Thrips","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EDo not mow blooming ground cover from 1 week before bloom until after petal-fall to reduce driving thrips up into apple trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EApply Harvanta at petal fall\/husk fall for the suppression of thrips on apple, cherries, and nectarines. Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Success&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ESuccess\u003C\/a\u003E 480 SC or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Entrust+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEntrust\u003C\/a\u003E between early petal fall and husk fall for control\/ suppression of thrips on nectarines (maximum 3 applications per season). Allow 7-10 days between applications. Application of Success or Entrust to apples at petal fall for leafroller control will also suppress thrips and reduce pansy spot on susceptible varieties.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESuccess or Entrust applied against leafrollers during petal fall will suppress any thrips present, however not before some damage has been done. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Western Flower Thrips"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"61","name":"White Apple Leafhopper","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAvoid excessive nitrogen applications to reduce succulent growth and thereby limit development of leafhopper populations. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EIf leafhoppers were a problem the previous year and leafhopper nymphs are easily found on leaves, chemical control may be warranted. \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=admire&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAdmire\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=assail&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAssai\u003C\/a\u003El, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=clutch&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EClutch\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=calypso&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECalypso\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Exirel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E are most effective when applied against first-generation nymphs just before adults appear (usually petal- fall or later). Research shows neonicotine products such as Assail can cause mite populations to increase. Therefore do not apply more than two applications of Assail per season regardless of target pest (codling moth, aphids, leafhoppers, leafminers) to avoid possible mite flare-up. Assail and Calypso applied when codling moth is laying eggs will aid in control of codling moth.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESevin applied for fruit thinning will also control leafhoppers. Because Sevin can harm predatory mites, monitor mite population levels in blocks treated with Sevin for fruit thinning and with  Assail for leafhopper control. This is especially important if you use Sevin and Assail in successive years.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"White Apple Leafhopper"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"62","name":"Mealybugs","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EOlder standard trees are most susceptible to infestations because they provide more hiding places for all stages and less exposure to sprays if not properly pruned to open up the canopies. Mealybugs prefer to feed on tender new growth, so sucker removal before the end of June will aid in reducing the risk of damaging population levels.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThe following sprays are recommended to control the apple mealybug in cherry orchards where little cherry disease has been found, or in areas where little cherry disease is known to occur. Recommended control products and timings include:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDormant: Apply an oil to control over-wintering nymphs. Use high volume application techniques as recommended for \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.agf.gov.bc.ca\/cropprot\/tfipm\/scale.htm\"\u003ESan Jose scale\u003C\/a\u003E control.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPetal-Fall: \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Admire&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAdmire\u003C\/a\u003E used at this stage are effective against mealybugs. High volume airblast or hand gun applications are the most effective.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer: The major period of mealybug movement from tree to tree is during the summer when nymphs are on leaves and can be dispersed by wind. Nymphs are also the easiest to kill with chemicals.  Apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28953&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento 240SC\u003C\/a\u003E after petal fall to control crawlers. Movento is toxic to bees. Make sure honey bees are no longer foraging.  Low volume air blast sprays of Admire, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25651&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECygon\u003C\/a\u003E, or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=lagon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ELagon\u003C\/a\u003E applied for control of cherry fruit fly are also effective for the control of apple mealybug nymphs.  The closer to harvest these materials are applied, taking the minimum days before harvest into account, the more effective is the mealybug control.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPost-harvest: A post harvest spray of Admire, Cygon or Lagon applied against cherry fruit fly will also aid in reducing the number of overwintering crawlers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply Movento after petal fall is effective against mealybug crawlers in other stone fruits. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn apple and pear orchards, pre-bloom applications of diazinon against aphids and leafrollers will also control any crawlers present. Apply Movento after petal fall to control crawlers. Make sure honey bees are no longer foraging.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EIn the absence of harmful chemicals, biological control agents can usually keep mealybug populations below damaging levels, Ladybird beetles, lacewings and predaceous bugs feed on adults, a predaceous midge attacks eggs, and several diseases infect the mobile stages. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Mealybugs"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"65","name":"Lygus Bugs","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERemoving alternate hosts, or cover crops with predominantly grasses can reduce populations in orchards. Destroy broadleaf weed host such as mullein outside the orchard to reduce lygus bug migration into the orchard in the spring and summer. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ELygus bugs can cause damage when forced to leave adjacent harvested alfalfa fields. At present there is no control product to protect trees from invading lygus bugs. An alternative is to spray the alfalfa crop 28 days before harvest with \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25651&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECygon\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=lagon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ELagon\u003C\/a\u003E to control lygus bugs. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EBig-eyed, damsel, and assassin bugs, as well as crab spiders will feed on lygus bug nymphs on cover crops and host plants in the absence of harmful pesticides.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Lygus Bugs"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"66","name":"Stink Bugs","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERemove any alternate host plants in or around the orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EProducts applied against the brown marmorated  stink bug should also control any other stink bugs present.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EWasp egg parasitoids will help suppress stink bug populations.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Stink Bugs"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"67","name":"Western Boxelder Bug","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERemoving host trees, especially female boxelder (Manitoba maple) near the orchard may help reduce boxelder numbers migrating into orchards.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPesticides applied against stink bugs and lygus bugs will also control any boxelder bugs present. Boxelder are a very infrequent problem in orchards.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Western Boxelder Bug"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"68","name":"Cutworms and Armyworms","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAvoid mowing ground cover or patches of weeds heavily infested with cutworms\/armyworms which will drive them into the trees in search of food. Try to keep bottom branches from touching the ground cover by tying them up or by keeping the ground cover mowed under the trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIf only a few trees are affected, examine the upper 2-4 cm of soil under the affected trees and destroy any found.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EIn areas where cutworms\/armyworms are noticeable by their presence or damage, spray the ground around the base of the affected trees with \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=ambush&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAmbush\u003C\/a\u003E using the rate for cutworm control in cereal crops.. Apply the products in the evening for best results.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESeveral kinds of predatory and parasitic insects attack cutworms and armyworms. Unfortunately not in time to prevent damage under high pest pressure.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Cutworms and Armyworms"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"70","name":"Grasshoppers","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EGrasshopper nymphs are susceptible to most sprays used against orchard pests. In extreme situations, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25651&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECygon\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Lagon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ELagon\u003C\/a\u003E sprayed on the orchard floor vegetation will control grasshoppers present. Spray the same products on roadsides, ditches, rangeland or wasteland next to the orchard to control grasshoppers moving in from those areas. Sprays should be applied against the nymphs less than 12 mm long to improve control and reduce the amount of chemical required. A bran-bait formulated product containing carbaryl, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Eco+bran&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EEco Bran Grasshopper Insecticide\u003C\/a\u003E, is a better alternative for controlling very young hoppers as it is less toxic to non-target species. It must be applied using a special spreader similar to a fertilizer spreader.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EGrasshoppers are attacked by several parasites, predators and diseases that can help lessen the impact of outbreaks and bring outbreaks to an end. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Grasshoppers"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"71","name":"European Paper Wasp","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EBecause European paper wasps have several options for nesting sites within and outside orchards, orchardists should consider an area-wide approach to minimizing development of colonies (nest-building). This involves neighbouring orchardists working together to protect their susceptible crops. One tactic is to trap out as many queens as possible before they begin nest building and laying eggs in the spring.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn orchards where there is a history of wasp damage, place commercially-available wasp traps baited with an attractant (special lure, beer or sugery solution) near outbuildings and every 20 to 30 meters around the perimeter of the orchard just prior to the green tip stage of cherry bud development in order to capture emerging overwintered queens. Fruit injury due to wasps has been most common in orchards adjacent to wilderness areas and abandoned properties.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the post bloom to harvest period, inspect potential sites (see Life History) within and near the orchard for wasp nests and destroy any found. Trapping worker wasps during this period has been relatively ineffective in preventing crop damage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no chemicals registered for control of this pest in orchards. The wasps are not resident in orchards but move in during harvest. Domestic aerosol sprays are an option to kill wasps congregated on their nests. Sprayed nests should be knocked down and crushed to prevent any larvae or pupae in the cells from completing development.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"European Paper Wasp"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"72","name":"Pear Slug ","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EConventional insecticides applied against other insect pests generally control pear sawfly. Malathion and Sevin sprays will also control the larvae. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere is no information on natural enemies of pear saw fly in the B.C. interior. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Pear Slug "},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"73","name":"Tentiform Leafminer","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EParasites prevent leafminers from causing economic damage during normal growing seasons. However, when third-generation leafminer larvae appear in August, some damage can occur as described above. The tentiform leafminer and its major parasite are resistant to Imidan. Attempts to control tentiform leafminers in other fruit-growing regions with pyrethroids and carbamates have destroyed predators and parasites, induced further resistance development in the leafminer and led to outbreaks of leafminers, mites and woolly apple aphids.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen tentiform leafminer abundance reaches the action level (refer to above fact sheet), apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=admire&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAdmire\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Alias&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAlias\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Assail&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAssail\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Agri-Mek&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAgri-Mek\u003C\/a\u003E (plus 0.25% summer oil) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Altacor&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAltacor\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Delegate&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EDelegate\u003C\/a\u003E when the leafminer population is mainly in the sap-feeder stage. A second application may be required if severe pressure continues or generations are overlapping. Alternatively, apply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Confirm+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EConfirm \u003C\/a\u003Eor \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Intrepid+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EIntrepid\u003C\/a\u003E at first egg hatch of the first generation only.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAdmire, Alias and Assail are in the same chemical group so rotate their use with Agri-Mek or Altacor or Delegate to reduce the risk of pesticide resistance development. Do not apply more than two applications of Alias, Assail or Admire either alone or alternately per season regardless of target pest (codling moth, aphids, leafhoppers, leafminers) to avoid possible mite flare-up. Assail applied when codling moth is laying eggs will aid in control of codling moth. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ETentiform leafminer is kept below damaging levels by a small parasitic wasp, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/84\/Tentiform_Leafminer_Parasite\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EPnigalio flavipes\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E. It kills by feeding on and laying an egg in tentiform leafminer larvae. It usually takes 1-2 years after the first introduction of the leafminer in an orchard before the parasite controls the pest. Thirty percent parasitism of the first-generation tissue-feeder larvae in the spring should provide effective biological control for the rest of the season and, in the absence of harmful pesticides, for future seasons.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Tentiform Leafminer"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"14","name":"Buckwheat, wild","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Buckwheat, wild"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"15","name":"Chickweed, common","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Chickweed, common"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"16","name":"Groundsel, common","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Groundsel, common"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"17","name":"Lambs-quarters","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Lambs-quarters"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"18","name":"Mallow, common","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Mallow, common"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"19","name":"Nightshade, annual","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Nightshade, annual"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"20","name":"Pigweeds","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Pigweeds"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"21","name":"Shepherds purse","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Shepherds purse"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"22","name":"Barnyard grass","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Barnyard grass"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"23","name":"Bluegrass, annual","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Bluegrass, annual"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"24","name":"Brome, downy","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Brome, downy"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"25","name":"Foxtails","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Foxtails"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"8","name":"Brown Rot","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E1. Orchard sanitation: Remove and destroy fruit mummies when pruning. Prune out any cankered or dead twigs as they are found. Removing rotten fruit from the tree will reduce initial inoculum, which will improve the effectiveness of fungicide sprays. Fungicidal control may not be as good as desired when disease pressure is very high.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Pruning: Some cherry varieties such as Lapins tend to produce large clusters of fruit. Brown rot may develop in these clusters more easily due to difficulty of obtaining good fungicide coverage and slower drying of fruit in the middle of the clusters. When pruning remove excessive branches to allow for increased air flow and shorten current season’s growth to reduce fruit cluster formation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Avoid injuring or bruising fruit at harvest. Pick only sound fruit. Discard fruit with brown spots or rot. Dispose of culls and rotted fruit promptly by burying. Precool and keep fruit in cold storage until it reaches destination.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. Blossom\u003C\/strong\u003E - Orchards with a history of brown rot require one or more sprays to protect blossoms. Spray when first blossoms open. If wet weather occurs repeat spray at 50 per cent bloom and at full bloom. Select blossom sprays from the following lists of fungicides:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(a) Cherries:\u003C\/strong\u003E \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sercadis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESercadis \u003C\/a\u003E(fluxapyroxad), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=luna+sensation&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Sensation\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin), Miravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=pristine&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine\u003C\/a\u003E (pyraclostrobin + boscalid), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=15213&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ERovral\u003C\/a\u003E (iprodione), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Indar&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EIndar\u003C\/a\u003E (fenbuconazole), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Topas&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ETopas\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=jade&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EJade\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=tilt&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ETilt\u003C\/a\u003E (propiconazole), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Elevate&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EElevate\u003C\/a\u003E (fenhexamid), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cantus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECantus\u003C\/a\u003E (boscalid), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Captan&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECaptan\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Maestro&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EMaestro\u003C\/a\u003E (captan), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=22399&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova\u003C\/a\u003E (myclobutanil), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28900&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EBravo\u003C\/a\u003E (chlorothalonil), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=senator+50+sc&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESenator\u003C\/a\u003E (thiophanate-methyl), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cueva+commercial&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECueva\u003C\/a\u003E (copper octanoate), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fracture&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFracture\u003C\/a\u003E (BLAD polypeptide - suppression only), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=serenade+opti&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESerenade Opti\u003C\/a\u003E (\u003Cem\u003EBacillus subtilis\u003C\/em\u003E- suppression only), Kenja 400 SC (Isofetamid - suppression only), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=NONE&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=PRO&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=quash&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EQuash\u003C\/a\u003E (metconazole) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27686&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFunginex \u003C\/a\u003E(triforine). Note: Do not apply Bravo after shuck split to avoid fruit injury.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(b) Peaches:\u003C\/strong\u003E  Fontelis, Sercadis, Luna Sensation, \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003EPristine, Rovral, Indar, Topas, Mission, Elevate, Cantus, Captan, Bravo, Nova, Senator, Quash, Funginex, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25509&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EVangard\u003C\/a\u003E, or a tank mix of Vangard plus Rovral, Nova, Cueva, Serenade (suppression only), Kenja (suppression only), or Fracture (suppression only). Note: Do not apply Bravo after shuck split to avoid fruit injury. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(c) Nectarines:\u003C\/strong\u003E Fontelis, Sercadis, Pristine, Quash, Indar, Topas, Mission, \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003EElevate, Cantus, Captan, Bravo, Nova, Senator, Vangard, Cueva, Serenade (suppression only), Kenja (suppression only) or Fracture (suppression only). Note: Do not apply Bravo after shuck split to avoid fruit injury. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(d) Prunes and plums:\u003C\/strong\u003E Fontelis, Sercadis, Luna Sensation, \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003EPristine, Rovral, Quash, Indar, Topas, Jade, Tilt, Cantus, Captan, Vangard, Senator, Funginex, Cueva, Serenade (suppression only), Kenja (suppression only) or Fracture (suppression only). \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(e) Apricots:\u003C\/strong\u003E Fontelis, Sercadis, Pristine, Luna Sensation, \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003ERovral, Quash, Indar, Topas, Jade, Tilt, Cantus, Vangard, Captan, Cueva, Serenade (suppression only), Kenja (suppression only) or Fracture (suppression only). \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2. Ripening fruit-\u003C\/strong\u003E Apply one of the following sprays when the fruit changes colour and a second spray just before picking. Additional sprays may be needed with wet weather. Control insects that cause fruit injury.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(a) Cherries\u003C\/strong\u003E: Fontelis (penthiopyrad), Pristine (pyraclostrobin + boscalid), Luna Sensation (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin), \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003ERovral (iprodione), Indar (fenbuconazole), Topas or Mission (propiconazole), Elevate (fenhexamid), Lance (boscalid), Nova (myclobutanil), Captan (Maestro), Senator (thiophanate-methyl) or Quash (metconazole).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(b) Peaches: \u003C\/strong\u003E Fontelis, Luna Sensation,\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003E Pristine, Rovral, Quash, Indar, Topas, Jade, Tilt, Elevate, Cantus, Captan, Nova, Senator, Vangard or a tank mix of Vangard plus Rovral or Nova.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(c) Nectarines:\u003C\/strong\u003E  Fontelis, Luna Sensation, \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003EPristine, Quash, Indar, Topas, Jade, Tilt, Elevate, Cantus, Captan, Nova, Senator, Vangard or a tank mix of Vangard plus Nova.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(d) Prunes and plums:\u003C\/strong\u003E  Fontelis, Luna Sensation, \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003EPristine, Rovral, Quash, Indar, Topas, Jade, Tilt, Cantus, Vangard, Captan or Senator.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-left: 40px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(e) Apricots\u003C\/strong\u003E: Fontelis, Luna Sensation, \u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: sans-serif, Arial, Verdana, "trebuchet ms"; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003EMiravis (pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole), \u003C\/span\u003EPristine, Rovral, Quash, Indar, Topas, Jade, Tilt, Cantus, Vangard or Captan.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E3. Immature Fruit \u003C\/strong\u003E– In most Okanagan orchards fungicide coverage on the blossom and ripe fruit stages are sufficient for good brown rot control. However orchards with a history of brown rot problems may want to consider fungicide coverage of green fruit, particularly if weather is wet. Fruitlets are most susceptible prior to shuckfall.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E4. Mature Fruit – \u003C\/strong\u003ERipe fruit ready to be picked, especially apricots and peaches, are very susceptible to brown rot infection. A pre-harvest application of a brown rot fungicide immediately before harvest (1-3 days) is needed to provide these fruit with an adequate shelf life. Generally the shelf life is approximately three weeks for treated fruit kept at around 13C. For this application use only fungicides that have a minimum preharvest interval of three or less days.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E5. Harvested Fruit – \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Scholar&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EScholar\u003C\/a\u003E (fludioxonil) is registered for use in the packinghouse as a post-harvest dip or drench to control post-harvest diseases including brown rot.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFungicide Resistance Management\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFungal resistance to fungicides is a high risk for many brown rot fungicides. Alternate fungicides with different modes of action, or use registered tank mixes to reduce the risk of resistance developing in your orchard. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERefer to the table: \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/resources\/reference\/chemical-classification-pesticide-resistance-management\/\"\u003EChemical Classification & Pesticide Resistance Management\u003C\/a\u003E for information on fungicide resistance groups and the risk of resistance for different products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated November, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Brown Rot"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"9","name":"Powdery Mildew (Apples)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E1. Avoid overcrowding of trees and branches.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Prune out twigs with white fungus growth on the surface.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EEarly spring applications of fungicide (beginning no later than tight cluster) are necessary to prevent secondary spread of powdery mildew in susceptible apple varieties. Neglecting control early in the year will result in poor control during the season.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDormant Monitoring\u003C\/strong\u003E: The number of mildew sprays required on bearing trees prior to blossom can be predicted by estimating the percentage of one-year old shoots showing white fungus on the bark surface during the dormant season. If more than 15% of one-year-old shoots have mildew, two pre-bloom sprays are required. Spray once prior to bloom for levels between 5 and 15%. Pre-bloom sprays may not be required if the mildew level is below 5%.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFruit \u003C\/strong\u003E- Fungicide application at the pink stage is a critical timing to prevent fruit infection and subsequent fruit russeting. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFoliage \u003C\/strong\u003E- A single pink spray will not protect the foliage of susceptible varieties such as Honeycrisp, McIntosh, Granny Smith, Gala, Jonagold and Ginger Gold. Two pre-bloom sprays are needed for good control of powdery mildew where disease levels are high. Apply fungicides at 10-day intervals or as labels direct, from tight cluster until terminal growth ceases, to keep foliage free of mildew and to reduce carry-over to the next season. Control of foliage powdery mildew is particularly important in nurseries and on young trees. On more resistant varieties such as Red and Golden Delicious, damage from moderate amounts of mildew on terminal growth is relatively minor and does not warrant an extensive spray program.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFungicides Registered for Powdery Mildew on Apple:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=31526&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia \u003C\/a\u003E(benzovindiflupyr)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=aprovia+top&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia Top\u003C\/a\u003E (benzovindiflupyr + difenoconazole)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=luna+tranquility&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Tranquility\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram +pyrimethanil)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=22399&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova\u003C\/a\u003E (myclobutanil) \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fullback&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFullback\u003C\/a\u003E (flutriafol),\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27686&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFunginex\u003C\/a\u003E (triforine) - apple nursery stock and non-bearing trees only\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine\u003C\/a\u003E (boscalid + pyraclostrobin),\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sercadis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESercadis\u003C\/a\u003E (fluxapyroxad),\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=18836&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKumulus\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cosavet&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECosavet\u003C\/a\u003E (sulphur),\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=32096&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESenator\u003C\/a\u003E (thiophanate-methyl) \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26257&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESovran\u003C\/a\u003E (kresoxim-methyl)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=16465&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003Elime sulphur\u003C\/a\u003E \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=inspire+super&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EInspire Super\u003C\/a\u003E (difenoconazole + cyprodinil) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=serenade+opti&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESerenade Opti\u003C\/a\u003E (\u003Cem\u003EBacillus subtilis\u003C\/em\u003E) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=purespray+green&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPureSpray Green Spray Oil 13E\u003C\/a\u003E - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=diplomat&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EDiplomat\u003C\/a\u003E (polyoxin D) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECAUTIONS\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ELime sulphur may cause fruit russet and disrupts integrated mite control. To minimize the risk of fruit damage, do not use past full bloom.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESovran may severely injure certain varieties of cherries. Do not allow drift onto cherries.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESenator may harm predatory mites. If several sprays are applied, follow mite counts closely for indications of spray interference with predatory mite population. \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResistance management\u003C\/strong\u003E – Rotate between different fungicide product Group Numbers to help prevent the development of fungicide resistance. Use recommended rates for powdery mildew control. Reduced rates will result in poor control and an increased risk for resistance development. Refer to the table: \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/resources\/reference\/chemical-classification-pesticide-resistance-management\/\"\u003EChemical Classification & Pesticide Resistance Management\u003C\/a\u003E for information on fungicide resistance groups and the risk of resistance for different products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThere is apple scab resistance to Senator in most orchards of the central and north Okanagan. It is suspected that resistance to Nova is starting to develop in apple powdery mildew. Limit sprays of Nova and other group 3 fungicides to once or twice per season. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Powdery Mildew (Apples)"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"10","name":"Botrytis Rot of Cherry","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPrune to remove excessive branches for increased air flow, and shorten current season’s growth to reduce fruit cluster formation. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ECurrently \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad) is the only fungicide registered for control of botrytis in stone fruit. Limit use to twice per season for resistance management.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMany fungicides used for brown rot, such as \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cantus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECantus\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25900&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EElevate 50WG\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fracture&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFracture\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=bravo+zn+agricultural&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EBravo ZN\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine WG\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=kenja&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKenja 400 SC\u003C\/a\u003E, and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24613&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECaptan Supra\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26408&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EMaestro 80DF\u003C\/a\u003E also have activity against botrytis. Optimal spray timing is not well understood, but should include protective coverage from full bloom through shuck fall, which are the highest risk stages for infection. Additional sprays may be needed to protect ripening fruit where disease pressure is high. On cherry varieties that cluster heavily, ensure good spray coverage into the clusters before they close up. Follow labels for rates and pre-harvest intervals. Where there is a range of rates on the label, the higher rate is more likely to be effective against botrytis.  Note, do not use Bravo after shuck split or fruit injury may occur.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003EResistance Management:  \u003C\/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBotrytis is a fungus that develops resistance to fungicides very quickly and easily. For best management, rotate fungicides from different resistant groups and include some low-risk fungicides (captan, Fracture, Bravo) in your rotation. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERefer to the table: \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/resources\/reference\/chemical-classification-pesticide-resistance-management\/\"\u003EChemical Classification & Pesticide Resistance Management\u003C\/a\u003E for information on fungicide resistance groups and the risk of resistance for different products.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Botrytis Rot of Cherry"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"11","name":"Coryneum blight","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPrune out infected or cankered twigs in the dormant season.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E1. To prevent twig and bud infections, apply fixed copper fungicide (copper oxychloride) after harvest on peaches, or early September (before fall rains) on apricots and cherries. This spray also helps to control peach leaf curl.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFall applications of fixed copper prevent the formation of new twig cankers but WILL NOT remove existing cankers. A spring fungicide application is necessary to prevent fruit infections in orchards where coryneum has been a problem. In such cases, an aggressive program is required for a minimum of three years in order to minimize the chance of fruit infections from old twig cankers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. To prevent fruit infections, follow up the autumn treatment with a spray of  \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin), \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=ferbam&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003Eferbam\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=ziram&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003Eziram\u003C\/a\u003E on peaches and apricots as soon as most of the husks have dropped so that the fruitlets will be completely covered by the spray. Do not apply ferbam after the husk split stage, because later application will cause visible black deposits that remain until harvest.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Extra care must be taken to control coryneum blight when over-tree sprinklers are used.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated December, 2016\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Coryneum blight"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"12","name":"Peach Leaf Curl","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESanitation, such as removal of infected leaves, is NOT effective for control of leaf curl.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENo variety is immune to leaf curl, but ‘Redhaven’ and most varieties derived from ‘Redhaven’ have some tolerance.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESpring Dormant\u003C\/strong\u003E: For best control, apply one of the following fungicides before bud development begins in the spring. Late application up to petal fall may provide partial control. Only developing leaves are susceptible to leaf curl infection. Fungicides applied after petal fall will not help to control leaf curl.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFall\u003C\/strong\u003E: A spray of fixed copper (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=copper+spray&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECopper Spray\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=copper+oxychloride&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECopper Oxychloride 50\u003C\/a\u003E) applied after harvest in September will give adequate control of peach leaf curl in dry years. However, in wet years the late winter dormant spray listed above is also needed. Chlorothalonil may also be applied as a fall dormant spray at 75-100% leaf drop. \u003Cstrong\u003ENote:\u003C\/strong\u003E Do not apply chlorothalonil more than 3 times per year.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPDF version - \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/assets\/gov\/farming-natural-resources-and-industry\/agriculture-and-seafood\/animal-and-crops\/plant-health\/peach_leaf_curl.pdf\"\u003Epeach_leaf_curl.pdf (gov.bc.ca)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated: July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Peach Leaf Curl"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"13","name":"Bacterial Canker of Stone Fruits","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EMinimize stress on young or recently planted cherry trees, as it is a major predisposing factor. For example, provide adequate water to prevent drought stress; avoid planting in areas with poor drainage or high frost potential; supply optimal levels of nutrients; check soil pH; and control other pest and disease problems that may weaken trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ERemove severely affected trees and prune off dead or dying branches. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer prune during dry weather only.  Similarly scoring and heading cuts should be made in dry weather, with no rain in the forecast. Avoid pruning in early spring and fall when bacteria are most active.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDon't let weeds grow up around the trees. They cause unnecessary stress by competing for moisture and nutrients, increase humidity, and may harbour populations of the bacteria that cause canker.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ETrees with minor gumming may recover. Cankers may heal if the tree is able to contain the canker with callus tissue. Small cankers may also be cut out with a sharp knife, being careful to disinfect cutting tools between trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThe F12-1 Mazzard rootstock is reported to be resistant. If propagating cherry, use only scions from virus-free, canker-free trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EBefore establishing new orchards, have soil tested for pathogenic nematodes. High nematode populations, particularly the ‘ring nematode’ are associated with increased losses due to bacterial canker. Fumigate soil before planting if nematode populations are high.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=kasumin&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKasumin\u003C\/a\u003E (kasugamycin) is a bactericide registered for suppression of bacterial canker and control of blossom blast caused by \u003Cem\u003EPseudomonas\u003C\/em\u003E. Begin applications at early bloom. Repeat at 7 day intervals, with a maximum of 4 applications per year. Do not use within 30 days of harvest.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=copper+spray&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECopper Spray\u003C\/a\u003E (copper oxychloride) or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cueva&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECueva\u003C\/a\u003E (copper octanoate) may be used in the fall to protect leaf scars, and in early spring before bloom, however the effectiveness of copper is questionable due to resistance issues. Copper resistance in populations of \u003Cem\u003EPseudomonas syringae\u003C\/em\u003E is widespread in the Pacific Northwest in orchards and nurseries with a history of copper use. It is not known to what extent copper-resistant strains are present in B.C.  Copper sprays are no longer recommended in some areas with resistance, as their use can actually increase damage due to bacterial canker, likely by suppressing beneficial organisms that compete with \u003Cem\u003EPseudomonas\u003C\/em\u003E. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated December, 2016\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Bacterial Canker of Stone Fruits"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"27","name":"Fire Blight","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cem\u003EDormant Season\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EFire blight overwinters in old dormant cankers in the trees. Removal of cankers is a critical step in preventing and controlling fire blight. Make cuts 15-30 cm below the canker margin. A separate operation to prune out cankers is recommended. They are most visible on bright, sunny days.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cem\u003EGrowing Seson\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ECurrent season infections should be cut out and burned, with oozing cankers always being removed first. Make cuts well below any visible signs of infection (40 cm) and dip tools in a disinfectant between each cut. Soaking the contaminated blade in either full strength or 1:5 dilution of household bleach, Lysol™ Disinfectant or Pine-Sol™ will destroy the fire blight organism. Commercial disinfectants such as \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.plantproducts.com\/ca\/images\/chemprocide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EChemprocide\u003C\/a\u003E™ are also available; follow label instructions. Scout frequently for new infections, and remove them as quickly as possible. Give priority to young plantings and susceptible varieties.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIf disinfecting tools after every cut is not practical due to extensive infection, the “ugly stub” method of pruning may be followed, and has proven effective in other areas. Cuts are made 20-30 cm below visible symptoms in wood that is at least 2 years old using unsteriziled tools. However instead of pruning to a healthy branch union, leave a stub of 10-12 cm in length. Small cankers may form on these stubs, but they can be removed during winter pruning. Marking the stubs at the time of the initial cut with brightly coloured spray paint will make locating the “ugly stubs” much easier for later removal.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIf fire blight is a problem, reduce soil moisture as much as feasible and reduce nitrogen fertilizer applications.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not run overhead irrigation during bloom when fire blight risk is high.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not plant susceptible apple cultivars next to susceptible pear plantings.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ERemove alternate fire blight hosts, such as hawthorn, mountain ash and firethorn from the vicinity of the orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBlossom\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFire blight blossom infection is favoured by warm temperatures along with rain, dew or high humidity. In the fruit growing areas of B.C. prevailing low temperatures during blossom usually limit the development of fire blight. However in recent years hot spells during main bloom have become more common.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMonitor temperatures during the blossom period.  If temperatures reach the low to mid 20's C during the blossom period, fire blight risk is high. Several warm days in a row during bloom will greatly increase the risk. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBlossom protectants and early season sprays\u003C\/strong\u003E – If weather conditions favour fire blight, protectant blossom sprays may be necessary to prevent or reduce blossom infection. Products registered for blossom blight control include antibiotics, biofungicides and copper fungicides (see table). The growth regulator Apogee is registered for shoot blight suppression, but must also be applied early in the season. Note - there are no curative treatments for fire blight. The following treatments are preventative and will not eradicate infections after they have occurred. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"3\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cthead\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth scope=\"col\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EProduct\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth scope=\"col\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECrops\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth scope=\"col\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EType of product\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth scope=\"col\"\u003ETiming\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth scope=\"col\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPre-Harvest Interval\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cth scope=\"col\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENotes\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/thead\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=streptomycin&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EStreptomycin 17\u003C\/a\u003E \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t(streptomycin sulphate)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eapple, pear\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eantibiotic\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebloom\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EApple: 50 days;\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\tPear: 30 days\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EPreventitive. Provides 2-3 days of blossom protection. Maximum 3 applications per season. Do not tank mix with other pesticides. Do not apply later than 14 days after petal fall. Keep product refrigerated.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cstrong\u003EResistance Management\u003C\/strong\u003E:  streptomycin resistance has been detected in the Okanagan. Alternate with other fire blight products for resistance management. Never spray streptomycin after an outbreak has already produced shoot blight. Resistance is most likely to occur with repeated use and when pathogen populations are high.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Kasumin&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKasumin\u003C\/a\u003E \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t(kasugamycin)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eapple, pear\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eantibiotic\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebloom\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E90 days\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EPreventitive. Provides 2-3 days of blossom protection. Maximum 4 applications per season. Do not apply after petal fall. Alternate with other fire blight products for resistance management.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=blossom+protect&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EBlossom Protect\u003C\/a\u003E (\u003Cem\u003EAureobasidium pullulans\u003C\/em\u003E)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eapple, pear\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebiological\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebloom\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003En\/a\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EPreventative. Provides 2-3 days of blossom protection. Apply up to 4 times at 10%, 40%, 70% and 90% open blossoms, or up to 5 times when a forecasting model indicates risk of infection. Do not tank mix with other fungicides. Follow label instructions for mixing the 2 components in the product package, which include a citric acid buffer and the active ingredient (a mixture of two strains of living yeast cells).. \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=double+nickel&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EDouble Nickel\u003C\/a\u003E \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t(\u003Cem\u003EBacillus amyloliquefaciens\u003C\/em\u003E)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eapple, pear\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebiological\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebloom, post-bloom\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E0 days\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EPreventative. Suppression only. Compatible with copper. Can be applied post-bloom for shoot blight management.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=serenade+opti&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESerenade Opti\u003C\/a\u003E \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t(\u003Cem\u003EBacillus subtilis\u003C\/em\u003E)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eapple, pear\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebiological\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebloom\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E0 days\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EPreventative. Suppression only. Apply at early (1-5%) bloom. Repeat at 4-7 day intervals during high risk periods during bloom.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=19146&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECopper Spray\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=13245&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECopper Oxychloride\u003C\/a\u003E,\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t(copper oxychloride)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Epear\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Efungicide & bactericide\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebloom, dormant\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003En\/a\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EMay cause russeting. Do not apply to Anjou pears or apples. Russeting may occur on Bartletts if they are wet when sprayed with fixed copper.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cueva&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECueva\u003C\/a\u003E \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t(copper octanoate)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eapple, pear\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Efungicide & bactericide\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Ebloom, post-bloom, dormant\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E1 day\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003EPreventative. Less likely to cause russet injury than other coppers.  Can be applied post-bloom for shoot blight management. Do not exceed the 1% rate for apple varieties susceptible to russeting. When fruit is present on light coloured varieties consider dropping rate to  a 0.8% solution. Use highest rate for dormant application. \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=apogee&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EApogee\u003C\/a\u003E \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t(prohexadione ca)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Eapple\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003Egrowth regulator\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E2.5-7.2 cm growth\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E45 days\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003ESuppresses fire blight by decreasing host susceptibility. Does not control blossom blight. For best results, apply when shoot growth reaches 2.5 to 7.2 cm. Depending on the cultivar and weather conditions, this may occur during bloom to petal fall. Repeat at 14-21 day intervals, up to a maximum of 4 applications per season. Apogee is a strong growth regulator and will limit shoot growth. Not registered for use on pear.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFire blight models\u003C\/strong\u003E - There are several models used to forecast fire blight risk based on daily maximum and minimum temperatures (e.g. Maryblyt, Cougarblight). The Cougarblight model is available on the Washington State University website, or ask your field advisor for a copy. The weather network operated by Growers Supply Co. Ltd. and Field Service has numerous wireless weather stations strategically placed throughout the interior apple growing region. This service provides disease risk information to growers through their packinghouse field service.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummer\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBlossom protectants are of limited use once the blossom phase has been completed, and there is little benefit to continued applications after bloom. Streptomycin may be used up to 14 days after petal fall to protect late or rat-tail bloom. Cueva and Double Nickel can be used all season to help manage shoot blight or as rescue sprays immediately following hail damage.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApogee is very effective for reducing shoot blight. However this product must be applied before symptoms of shoot blight are present.  Consider using on apple blocks with a history of fire blight where shoot growth suppression would also be beneficial.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDormant\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA delayed dormant application of fixed copper\u003Cstrong\u003E \u003C\/strong\u003E(Copper Spray) at the rate of 4 kg\/ha or or copper hydroxide (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25901&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EParasol Fl\u003C\/a\u003E) at the rate of 4.7 L\/ha may be applied in the spring at silvertip to greentip. Bordeaux mixture (copper sulphate + hydrated lime) may also be used. Use a high volume spray to obtain good coverage of all tree surfaces in the block, including resistant varieties. Dormant copper application will reduce the early colonization of tree surfaces by fire blight bacteria. The addition of one percent of 60-70 second emulsifiable (summer) oil to the dormant copper spray has been shown to improve control. Cueva (copper octanoate) can also be used as a dormant spray.  Use the highest label rate for dormant application.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated November, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are several biopesticides registered for suppression of fire blight on apple and pear (see table below). These products are blossom protectants, used during bloom to reduce the incidence of blossom blight. Most of these products consist of live, beneficial bacteria or yeasts which colonize blossoms and help to prevent fire blight bacteria from getting established. These biopesticides should be used as part of an integrated fire blight management program, which includes using a risk assessment model, as well as cultural controls and antibiotic sprays when necessary. For best results, apply during early bloom at the beginning of a warming trend, and follow with Streptomycin or Kasumin 2 - 3 days later if warm temperatures continue to favour blossom infection. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBiological fungicides are often sensitive to fungicides. Check labels for tank mix precautions. Double Nickel can be safely combined with Cueva (copper octanoate) for improved effectiveness. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Fire Blight"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"74","name":"White Grubs","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ELeave virgin or former pasture or hay land fallow for at least one season before planting fruit trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere is no registered chemical control.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"White Grubs"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"75","name":"Anthocorid (Flower) Bugs","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Anthocorid (Flower) Bugs"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"77","name":"Deraeocoris","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Deraeocoris"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"78","name":"European Earwig","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"European Earwig"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"79","name":"Green\/Brown Lacewings","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Green\/Brown Lacewings"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"80","name":"Ladybird Beetles ","scientific_name":"Ladybugs","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Ladybird Beetles "},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"81","name":"Predaceous Midge","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Predaceous Midge"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"82","name":"Syrphid (Hover, Flower) Flies","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Syrphid (Hover, Flower) Flies"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"83","name":"Predatory Mites","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Predatory Mites"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"84","name":"Tentiform Leafminer Parasite","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Tentiform Leafminer Parasite"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"85","name":"Insect Parasites","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Insect Parasites"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"86","name":"Leafroller Parasites","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Leafroller Parasites"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"87","name":"Woolly Apple Aphid Parasite","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Woolly Apple Aphid Parasite"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"88","name":"Spiders","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Spiders"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"111","name":"Green Peach Aphid and Black Peach Aphid","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERecommended timings and products:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EHusk fall - \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24094&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAdmire\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28475&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EAlias\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=29796&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EBeleaf\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30826&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECloser\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30895&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EExirel\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33711&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC\u003C\/a\u003E and Sivanto Prime\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer - Admire, Alias, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=29382&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EClutch\u003C\/a\u003E, Closer, Beleaf, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28953&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMovento\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27666&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EPurespray Green Spray Oil 13E\u003C\/a\u003E, Exirel, Sivanto Prime, \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=33711&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EVayego 200SC\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=31442&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ETwinGuard\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDo not apply Admire or Alias more than 2 times per season, and only after bees are no longer foraging in the orchard. Movento should be applied in combination with a recommended non-ionic adjuvant (e.g. Agral 90). Do not tank mix Exirel with Flint, Pristine, Cabrio, Copper or Captan fungicides.  Do not use Purespray Green Spray Oil 13E within 14 days before or after captan or sulphur applications. Dormant oil application before bud burst still provides adequate control when applied in sufficient water to ensure thorough coverage. Sprays applied for green peach aphid will also control black peach aphid.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPesticide Resistance Management \u003C\/strong\u003E- Green peach aphid has developed resistance to most products in the past. Therefore it is important to alternate applications between products with different Group Numbers to avoid development of resistance to any chemical group.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPreserve the many predatory insects that feed on aphids by avoiding use of harmful chemicals where possible.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Green Peach Aphid and Black Peach Aphid"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"130","name":"Lecanium scale","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPrune out infested branches in spring and destroy.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EChemical sprays to conrol this occasional pest are best directed against the crawler stage. A second spray may be required if egg hatch is prolonged due to cooler spring weather. A delayed dormant spray can aid in control of mature scales. In both cases thorough coverage is essential.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ELadybird beetles, lacewing larvae and predaceous bugs feed on crawlers as they emerge from under their mothers' scales and disperse to leaves to feed. A tiny parasitic wasp also attackes mature scales, which leaves a small round hole in the scale after emeging as an adult wasp. These natural enemies can usually keep lecanium scale below damaging levels if not disrupted by harmful chemicals.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Lecanium scale"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"132","name":"Flatheaded borers","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EStressed, injured, sunburned, and newly transplanted trees are susceptible to attack. Remove and destroy infested trees which will not survive attack. Keep trees healthy and provide adequate irrigation during periods of drought and high temperatures. Paint the trunks with a mixture of latex paint and water to prevent sunburn (southwest injury).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ENo products are currently registered for control of flatheaded borers in fruit trees in Canada. Larvae are difficult to control after they have entered the bark. An insecticide has to be applied the trees before newly hatched larvae enter the bark. Admire\/Alias (imidacloprid) applied against other insect pests will provide control of flatheaded borer larvae.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003EWoodpeckers and ants feed on larvae. Parasitic wasps also attack the borer.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Flatheaded borers"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"134","name":"Brown Marmorated Stink Bug","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EGrowers should consult with their packinghouse field service or crop\/pest management advisor, or contact the Kelowna BCMA office, before taking action against suspected BMSB infestations. Currently registered products only provide  for \u003Cu\u003Esuppression\u003C\/u\u003E of BMSB - Actara 25 WG (apple & pear), and Clutch 50 WDG (pome & stone fruit). \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESamurai wasps, \u003Cem\u003ETrissolcus japonicus\u003C\/em\u003E an effective parasitoid of  BMSB eggs in Asia have been found in the United States in Maryland, Virginia, Washington, New York, Oregon and in 2018 a few samurai wasps were found at one site in Chilliwack.  No samurai wasp has been found in Interior BC.  BCMA  will collaborate in the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada-led search for the Samurai wasp in 2019. Predators of brown marmorated stink bugs include spiders, ladybugs, predatory thrips, lacewings, \u003Cem\u003EDeraeocoris\u003C\/em\u003E species, sand wasps (\u003Cem\u003EAstata\u003C\/em\u003E sp.) and red velvet mite (\u003Cem\u003EBalaustium\u003C\/em\u003E sp.).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Brown Marmorated Stink Bug"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"135","name":"Spider mite destroyer (black lady beetle)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"1","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Spider mite destroyer (black lady beetle)"},"PestType":{"id":"1","name":"Insect"}},{"Pest":{"id":"131","name":"Perennial vetch","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Perennial vetch"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"136","name":"test weed","scientific_name":"test weed","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003Etest\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003Etest\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003Etest\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"test weed"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"138","name":"Broad Leaf Weeds","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Broad Leaf Weeds"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"139","name":"Broad Leaf Weed & Grasses","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Broad Leaf Weed & Grasses"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"140","name":"Broad Leaf Weed & Grasses","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Broad Leaf Weed & Grasses"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"141","name":"Grass","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"2","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Grass"},"PestType":{"id":"2","name":"Weed"}},{"Pest":{"id":"89","name":"Apple Leaf Drop","scientific_name":"Necrotic Leaf Blotch, Golden Leaf Drop","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EControl\u003C\/strong\u003E: Control is not necessary as reductions in quality and yield have not been observed.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Apple Leaf Drop"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"91","name":"Blister Spot","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EProblems with blister spot can be prevented when the orchard is established by avoiding the cultivar Mutsu. Fuji apples are very susceptible to blister spot and should not be grown close to Mutsu which is the only known overwintering host for this disease. Copper fungicides provided effective control of blister spot in Ontario and tribasic copper sulphate (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Copper+53W&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECopper 53W\u003C\/a\u003E - United Agri-Products) is registered for its control on Mutsu and other sensitive apple cultivars.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27688&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAliette WDG\u003C\/a\u003E is also registered for blister spot control. Begin application at petal fall (2.5 kg\/ha or 1 kg\/acre) with subsequent applications at 7 day intervals, for a maximum of 3 applications.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Blister Spot"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"92","name":"Anthracnose & Perennial Cankers of Apple","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPrune out and remove all cankers during winter pruning. Prune out any new cankers that develop on limbs and trunks as soon as they are discovered, and remove them from the orchard. Developing cankers often girdle 1-year-old wood; remove any shoots that wilt or die suddenly during April through July as soon as they appear.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENursery trees should be examined carefully for symptoms of the disease at planting and again the following spring. Trees with cankers should be returned to the nursery for replacement or discarded.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe cultivars Elstar, Empire, Gala and Sinta are very susceptible to anthracnose canker.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no fungicides registered for control of anthracnose and perennial canker in Canada.  Fungicides applied for other diseases such as apple scab may help to reduce the numbers of new infections. Limited local data indicate that using Inspire Super for scab or mildew, or Senator for mildew, may also provide some preventative suppression of fungal cankers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECankers produce spores that can infect fruit late in the season resulting in post-harvest rots in storage. Captan is registered for control of bull's-eye rot and can be applied up to 7 days before harvest. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated December 2016 \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Anthracnose & Perennial Cankers of Apple"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"93","name":"Cytospora Canker","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EManagement of Cytospora canker requires an integrated approach relying on preventative measures. Control of canker diseases caused by fungi requires years of diligent management that can prevent the eventual decline of an orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003EGeneral Plant Health\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EMaintain trees in a vigorous state with optimal fertilization and irrigation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EUse preventative measures to minimize winter injury, sunburn, and rodent and insect damage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003EPruning\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPrune during mid- to late-winter when inoculum levels are lower.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EEncourage rapid healing of pruning wounds by cutting branches just beyond the ridge of the thickened bark which connects them to larger limbs. Do not leave pruning stubs.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ETrain trees to develop wide crotch angles.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPruning in summer results in many wounds that can be infected by \u003Cem\u003ECytospora\u003C\/em\u003E species. Prune in dry weather and allow time for pruning wounds to heal before using overhead irrigation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ERemove dead branches and branches with cankers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003ENew Plantings\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not plant new blocks of tree fruit next to old, canker infected blocks. Nursery stock should be canker free and protected from wood boring insects such as peach tree borer.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EConsider the effects of irrigation systems on disease development when planning new orchards. Drip or microsprinkler irrigation may result in less disease pressure than overhead irrigation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003ECanker Removal\/Surgery\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EResearch has shown that surgically removing the cankers on young trees can slow the decline and potential death of trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\u003Cul style=\"list-style-type:circle;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003EThe best time for canker removal is when trees are actively growing, but during a dry period, May or June, to promote quick healing of wounds.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not use this technique when cankers are more than ½ the branch diameter\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003EWhen cutting out, place the knife 1 inch higher than the canker edge and trace the outside of the canker, ensuring the knife is in green tissue. Peel the bark away from the tree, thus ensuring a clean cut to promote healing success.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003EPractice disinfection of knives\/shears between working on each canker and pruning infected dieback branches.    \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no fungicides registered in Canada for the control of Cytospora canker on stone or pome fruit.  Senator 50SC (thiophanate-methyl, FRAC Group 1) that is registered for other fungal diseases in stone and pome fruit may also provide some preventative suppression of canker diseases. Inspire Super (a combination of cyprodinil, FRAC Group 9 and difenoconazole, FRAC Group 3) registered for pome fruit may provide some suppression for canker diseases. A recent study from Colorado State University (Miller et al., 2018) showed that thiophanate-methyl, lime sulfur (FRAC Group M) and captan (FRAC Group M) were effective at reducing the lesion size of Cytospora canker in peach. Lime sulfur has shown phytotoxicity, therefore extra care is needed when using it in an orchard. Always refer to the manufacturer’s label before using a fungicide (access to pesticide labels available via Pest Management Regulatory Agency – PMRA \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/index-eng.php\"\u003Ehttps:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/index-eng.php\u003C\/a\u003E).\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EPDF version - \u003C\/span\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/assets\/gov\/farming-natural-resources-and-industry\/agriculture-and-seafood\/animal-and-crops\/plant-health\/disease-factsheets\/tree-fruits\/cytospora_canker_of_tree_fruit.pdf\"\u003Ecytospora_canker_of_tree_fruit.pdf (gov.bc.ca)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAdditional Resources\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EColorado State University: \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/extension.colostate.edu\/topic-areas\/agriculture\/12556-2\/\"\u003EPreventive Control for Cytospora Canker on Peach - 2.954 - Extension (colostate.edu)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EPenn State University: \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/stone-fruit-disease-cytospora-canker\"\u003EStone Fruit Disease - Cytospora Canker (psu.edu)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EOntario Crop IPM: \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/cropipm.omafra.gov.on.ca\/\"\u003EOntario Crop IPM - Home (gov.on.ca)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EWashington State University: \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/treefruit.wsu.edu\/fungal-canker-and-dieback-pathogens-of-stone-fruit\/\"\u003EFungal Canker and Dieback Pathogens of Stone Fruit | WSU Tree Fruit | Washington State University\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReferences\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003ELawrence, D. P., Holland, L. A., Nouri, M. T., Travadon, R., Abramians, A., Michailides, T. J., & Trouillas, F. P. (2018). Molecular phylogeny of \u003Cem\u003ECytospora\u003C\/em\u003E species associated with canker diseases of fruit and nut crops in California, with the descriptions of ten new species and one new combination. \u003Cem\u003EIMA fungus\u003C\/em\u003E, \u003Cem\u003E9\u003C\/em\u003E, 333-369.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EMiller, S. T., Otto, K. L., Sterle, D., Minas, I. S., & Stewart, J. E. (2019). Preventive fungicidal control of \u003Cem\u003ECytospora leucostoma \u003C\/em\u003Ein peach orchards in Colorado. \u003Cem\u003EPlant disease\u003C\/em\u003E, \u003Cem\u003E103\u003C\/em\u003E(6), 1138-1147.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EStewart, J. E., Miller, S. T., Zink, F. A., Caballero, J. I., & Tembrock, L. R. (2022). Genetic and phenotypic characterization of the fungal pathogen \u003Cem\u003ECytospora plurivora\u003C\/em\u003E from Western Colorado peach orchards and the development of a ddPCR assay for detection and quantification. \u003Cem\u003EPhytopathology®\u003C\/em\u003E, \u003Cem\u003E112\u003C\/em\u003E(4), 917-928.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003EÚrbez-Torres, J. R., Boulé, J., Walker, M., Hrycan, J., & O’Gorman, D. T. (2024). Identification of fungal pathogens causing fruit tree dieback in British Columbia. \u003Cem\u003ECanadian Journal of Plant Pathology\u003C\/em\u003E, \u003Cem\u003E46\u003C\/em\u003E(2), 89-105.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Cytospora Canker"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"94","name":"Crown Gall, Root Gall & Hairy Root","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPlant disease-free nursery stock, if available.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not plant trees with crown gall symptoms\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EAvoid injuring bark around the crown area when planting new trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EWhen replanting orchard sites where crown gall has been a problem, remove as many old roots as possible.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not establish nursery plantings in soil with a recent history of crown gall.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no chemical treatments for crown gall registered in Canada. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated January, 2017\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Dygall&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EDygall\u003C\/a\u003E (\u003Cem\u003EAgrobacterium radiobacter\u003C\/em\u003E) is a biological inoculant, registered for control of crown gall in the nursery, on apricots, cherries, nectarines, peaches, plums, prunes, and pears. Dygall must be applied to susceptible plants or cuttings before planting in crown gall infested soil. Treatment will not cure existing galls or latent (symptomless) infections.   \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EImmerse roots or cuttings in the Dygall solution just prior to planting. Keep the treated planting stock cool, prevent any exposure to sunlight, and plant as soon as possible. Follow precautions and directions on the product label. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENOTE: \u003C\/strong\u003EDygall has not proven effective on apples, and is not registered for use on apples.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Crown Gall, Root Gall & Hairy Root"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"95","name":"Crown and Root Rot","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESelect rootstocks with resistance to crown rot for all new apple plantings.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003EResistant rootstocks: M.9, M.27, B.9, G.11, G.16, G.30, G.41, G.65, G.202, G.935\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003EIntermediate or variable resistance: M.2, M.4, M.26, MM111\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESusceptible: M7, MM104, MM106\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ESelect planting sites that are not prone to flooding or standing water.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPlant trees with the graft union above the soil surface.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EManage irrigation to avoid prolonged soil saturation or standing water around the base of trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EReduce nitrogen application on trees with excessive growth as they are more susceptible to crown rot. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBearing Apple Tees\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27688&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAliette WDG\u003C\/a\u003E (fosetyl al) as a foliar spray according to label directions during the tight cluster or pink stage when there is sufficient leaf area present to take up the spray. Repeat approximately 6 weeks later and in the fall soon after harvest. Do not treat within 30 days before harvest. Use a maximum 3 applications\/year. Do not apply as a drench treatment on bearing trees. Do not tank mix with copper.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cem\u003ENon-bearing Apple Trees\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApply Aliette WDG as a high volume coarse spray using a handgun to drench the trunk and soil surrounding the tree. Refer to the label for rates and application instructions. Make the first application in spring after silver tip and again in early fall. Do not apply as a drench more often than twice per year. Aliette may also be applied to non-bearing trees as a foliar spray if there is sufficient foliage present for good uptake of the chemical.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=25384&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ERidomil Gold 480 EC\u003C\/a\u003E (metalaxyl-m) may be applied to non-bearing apple trees only. Apply as a soil drench according to label instructions at time of planting and\/or in late August. Treatments can be repeated in early spring and late August in each subsequent non-bearing year, if needed. Do not mix Ridomil with herbicides.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECAUTION \u003C\/strong\u003E- Resistance to Ridomil has already been observed for related species of \u003Cem\u003EPhytophthora\u003C\/em\u003E. Indiscriminate use of Ridomil may result in the development of resistant crown rot fungus. Use only when necessary.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated January, 2017\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Crown and Root Rot"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"96","name":"European Canker ","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPrune out diseased wood. On young trees this often means pulling out the tree or pruning it back severely.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ENursery trees should be examined carefully for symptoms of the disease at planting and again the following spring. Trees with cankers should be returned to the nursery for replacement or discarded. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no fungicides registered for control of European canker in Canada. Fungicides applied for other diseases such as apple scab may help to reduce the numbers of new infections. Limited local data indicate that using Inspire Super for scab or mildew, or Senator for mildew, may also provide some preventative suppression of fungal cankers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated February, 2017\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"European Canker "},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"97","name":"Pear Scab","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESee \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/118\/Apple_Scab\"\u003Eapple scab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ERefer to the apple scab section for information on timing fungicide sprays for scab control.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFungicides registered for control of pear scab include:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=aprovia+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia\u003C\/a\u003E (benzovindiflupyr)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=aprovia+top&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia Top\u003C\/a\u003E (benzovindiflupyr +difenoconazole)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=24613&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECaptan Supra 80WDG\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26408&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EMaestro 80DF\u003C\/a\u003E (captan)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cueva&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECueva \u003C\/a\u003E(copper octanoate)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=inspire+super&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EInspire Super\u003C\/a\u003E (difenoconazole + cyprodinil)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u200b\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=16465&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELime Sulphur\u003C\/a\u003E (calcium polysulphide)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=luna+tranquility&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Tranquility\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram + pyrimethanil)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=merivon&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EMerivon\u003C\/a\u003E (pyraclostradin + fluxapyroxad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=BEGIN&criteria1=22399&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova \u003C\/a\u003E(myclobutanil)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine WG\u003C\/a\u003E (boscalid + pyraclostrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=BEGIN&criteria1=sercadis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESercadis\u003C\/a\u003E (fluxapyroxad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=BEGIN&criteria1=28011&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EScala \u003C\/a\u003E(pyrimethanil)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26257&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESovran\u003C\/a\u003E (kresoxim-methyl)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=15608&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ES\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=syllit&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003Eyllit\u003C\/a\u003E (dodine)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECaution\u003C\/strong\u003E: \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ELime sulphur may cause fruit russet and disrupts integrated mite control. To minimize the risk of fruit damage, do not use past full bloom.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESovran may severely injure certain varieties of cherries. Do not allow drift onto cherries.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Pear Scab"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"98","name":"Powdery Mildew (Pears)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAvoid planting Anjou pears near susceptible apple cultivars. Bartlett and Flemish Beauty are more resistant to powdery mildew.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFruit - \u003C\/strong\u003EApply a fungicide registered for powdery mildew on pear at the pink stage to protect fruit from russeting. Additional sprays may be necessary under high disease pressure. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=aprovia&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia\u003C\/a\u003E (benzovindiflupyr)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=aprovia&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia Top\u003C\/a\u003E (benzovindiflupyr + difenoconazole)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad), \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=18836&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKumulus DF\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cosavet&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECosavet DF\u003C\/a\u003E (sulphur)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=luna+tranquility&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Tranquility\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram +pyrimethanil)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=22399&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova\u003C\/a\u003E (myclobutanil) \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=26257&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESovran\u003C\/a\u003E (kresoxim-methyl)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine WG\u003C\/a\u003E (boscalid + pyraclostrobin)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sercadis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESercadis\u003C\/a\u003E (fluxapyroxad) \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=32096&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESenator 50SC\u003C\/a\u003E (thiophanate-methyl)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=16465&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELime Sulphur\u003C\/a\u003E (calcium polysulphide)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=diplomat&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EDiplomat \u003C\/a\u003E(polyoxin D) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=inspire+super&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EInspire Super\u003C\/a\u003E (\u003C\/span\u003Edifenoconazole + cyprodinil) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECaution\u003C\/strong\u003E: \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ELime sulphur may cause fruit russet and disrupts integrated mite control. To minimize the risk of fruit damage, do not use past full bloom.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESovran may severely injure certain varieties of cherries. Do not allow drift onto cherries.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESenator may harm predatory mites. If several sprays are applied, follow mite counts closely for indications of spray interference with predatory mite population. \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Powdery Mildew (Pears)"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"99","name":"Powdery Mildew (Peaches and Nectarines)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EProvide good air circulation through trees.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ECling peaches, nectarines and seedling peaches are especially susceptible and can serve as a source of infection.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EWild and cultivated roses can be a source of infection for powdery mildew on peaches and nectarines. They are affected by the same species of powdery mildew.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIn some areas apple powdery mildew (\u003Cem\u003EPodosphaera leucotricha\u003C\/em\u003E) can also cause injury to peach and nectarine fruit.  This appears as rusty spots. Avoid locating peach or nectarine blocks next to highly susceptible apple varieties. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EA fungicide applied at husk fall and during early fruit development will prevent powdery mildew damage to most peach and nectarine fruit.  On very susceptible varieties provide coverage from full bloom to pit hardening. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFungicides registered for control or suppression of powdery mildew on peach include:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=18836&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKumulus DF\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cosavet&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECosavet\u003C\/a\u003E (sulphur)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Luna+Sensation&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Sensation\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=22399&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova\u003C\/a\u003E (myclobutanil)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=NONE&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=PRO&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=quash&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EQuash\u003C\/a\u003E (metconazole)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=quintec&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EQuintec \u003C\/a\u003E(quinoxyfen)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Vivando&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EVivando\u003C\/a\u003E (metrafenone)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine WG \u003C\/a\u003E(pyraclostrobin + boscalid) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Purespray+Green+Spray+Oil+13E&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPurespray Green Spray Oil 13E\u003C\/a\u003E (mineral oil) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28095&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EMilstop\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sirocco&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESirocco\u003C\/a\u003E (potassium bicarbonate) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Powdery Mildew (Peaches and Nectarines)"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"100","name":"Powdery Mildew (Apricots)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThe following fungicides will provide control or suppression of powdery mildew on apricot. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Luna+Sensation&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Sensation\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=NONE&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=PRO&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=quash&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EQuash\u003C\/a\u003E (metconazole)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=quintec&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EQuintec \u003C\/a\u003E(quinoxyfen)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint \u003C\/a\u003E(trifloxystrobin) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine\u003C\/a\u003E (pyraclostrobin + boscalid) - suppression \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Purespray+Green+Spray+Oil+13E&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPurespray Green Spray Oil 13E\u003C\/a\u003E (mineral oil) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28095&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EMilstop\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sirocco&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESirocco \u003C\/a\u003E(potassium bicarbonate) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDo not apply sulphur to apricots as it will cause defoliation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Powdery Mildew (Apricots)"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"101","name":"Powdery Mildew (Sweet Cherries)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E1. Prune for good air circulation. Avoid overly dense plantings.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Remove infected water sprouts before full leaf\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Keep grass mowed short to reduce humidity in the orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESusceptible and late-harvest varieties and problem blocks:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBegin a control program early, no later than bloom to petal fall, to protect emerging green tissue from airborne ascospores. Preventing or minimizing primary infections of foliage is important to prevent fruit infection later in the season.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nContinue fungicide coverage until harvest. Adjust spray intervals as needed depending on the rate of shoot growth, fungicides selected and weather conditions. More sprays will be needed in wet years than dry years.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nConsider post-harvest application of fungicides to prevent buildup of mildew on foliage and reduce the amount of overwintering inoculum.  For these late season sprays it is best to select products that have a low risk of resistance, such as sulphur, bicarbonate or summer oil. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELess susceptible varieties and blocks without a history of mildew problems:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECritical spray timings for fruit protection under conditions of light to moderate mildew pressure include fungicide applications at husk fall and about 7-10 days later to protect the susceptible green fruit.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nFruit is most susceptible to mildew up to the pit hardening stage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFungicides registered for control or suppression of powdery mildew on sweet cherry include:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27323&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECabrio EG\u003C\/a\u003E (pyraclostrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Luna+Sensation&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Sensation\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=22399&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova\u003C\/a\u003E (myclobutanil) \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=NONE&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=PRO&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=quash&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EQuash\u003C\/a\u003E (metconazole)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=quintec&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EQuintec \u003C\/a\u003E(quinoxyfen)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Vivando&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EVivando\u003C\/a\u003E (metrafenone).\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Purespray+Green+Spray+Oil+13E&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPurespray Green Spray Oil 13E\u003C\/a\u003E (mineral oil) - suppression \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine WG\u003C\/a\u003E (pyraclostrobin + boscalid) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sirocco&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESirocco \u003C\/a\u003E(potassium bicarbonate) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESulphur products such as \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=kumulus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKumulus\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cosavet&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECosavet\u003C\/a\u003E are registered for brown rot on sweet cherry, but also provide good control of powdery mildew.  \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECaution: There is some evidence that resistance to Nova (group 3 fungicide) is developing in cherry powdery mildew. Limit the use of group 3 fungicides to 1 or 2 per season and alternate fungicide groups. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch in Washington has shown that lime sulphur applied to sweet cherry trees in the fall may be useful to reduce the overwintering population of the fungus. This will not eliminate the need for fungicides during the growing season, but reducing initial inoculum will help to delay the build-up of disease levels and make fungicidal control more effective. Fall application of lime sulphur was found to be more effective than spring application in Washington State. In Canada, \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=16465&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELime Sulphur \u003C\/a\u003Eis registered on cherry as a “general clean-up” dormant spray, as well as for San Jose scale, European scale and mites.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Powdery Mildew (Sweet Cherries)"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"102","name":"Powdery Mildew (Sour Cherries)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EAvoid dense planting. Prune to increase air movement.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EFungicides registered for control or suppression of powdery mildew on sour cherries include:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cosavet&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECosavet\u003C\/a\u003E (sulphur)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=kumulus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKumulus\u003C\/a\u003E (sulphur)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=22399&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova\u003C\/a\u003E (myclobutanil)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=flint+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27323&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECabrio\u003C\/a\u003E EG (pyraclostrobin) \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Luna+Sensation&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Sensation\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram + trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=NONE&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=PRO&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=quash&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003EQuash\u003C\/a\u003E (metconazole)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=quintec&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EQuintec\u003C\/a\u003E (quinoxyfen)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Vivando&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EVivando\u003C\/a\u003E (metrafenone)\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Purespray+Green+Spray+Oil+13E&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPurespray Green Spray Oil 13E\u003C\/a\u003E (mineral oil) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=27985&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine\u003C\/a\u003E WG (pyraclostrobin + boscalid) - suppression \u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sirocco&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESirocco \u003C\/a\u003E(potassium bicarbonate) - suppression\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Powdery Mildew (Sour Cherries)"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"118","name":"Apple Scab","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWater managemen\u003C\/strong\u003Et:  Do not run over-tree sprinklers longer than the time needed to cause an infection period. Infection can occur with as little as 6 to 9 hours of leaf wetness at optimum temperatures. The use of over-tree sprinklers can also prolong leaf wetness periods initiated by rain or dew, creating an infection period. When rain ends, shut off over-tree sprinklers until trees have been dry for at least 10 to 12 hours. Do not start the sprinklers when wet weather is predicted.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EOrchard design & pruning\u003C\/strong\u003E:  Good air movement can reduce the number of infection periods because the foliage dries more quickly. An open canopy also improves spray coverage and light penetration. To improve air movement in the orchard, avoid overcrowding and keep trees well pruned.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReducing primary inoculum\u003C\/strong\u003E:  Several strategies will help to reduce the amount of overwintering scab. Primary inoculum is produced by infected leaf litter on the orchard floor. Any practices that reduce the amount of leaf litter will help to reduce the amount of inoculum. Note that these control methods do not replace the need for fungicides in commercial orchards. Reducing the initial inoculum will reduce the disease pressure in the orchard, making apple scab easier to control. It will not, however, eliminate the disease, and fungicidal protection will continue to be necessary. Low apple scab pressure is also valuable in helping to prevent or delay the development of fungicide resistance.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ERemove fallen leaves by raking, vacuuming, or using leaf blowers (may not be practical except in small plantings).  Home gardeners who remove all fallen leaves from under their apple trees should experience good control of apple scab. Leaves may be safely composted.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EFoliar application of a 5% urea solution in autumn just before leaf drop will speed natural decomposition of leaves and help to deactivate the scab fungus. Research has shown large reductions in spore production as high as 80 to 90% following application. Care should be taken that urea is not applied too early in the fall.  This approach may be equally effective when applied to leaves on the orchard floor after they have dropped in the fall. Spring application to the leaf litter is less likely to have the same impact as fall application. The effectiveness of urea may vary from year to year.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EFall application of dolomitic lime to leaf litter on the orchard floor has been shown to have similar effects to urea application in Oregon, however urea is considered to be more effective.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EChopping or shredding the leaf litter in the spring or fall using a flail mower can also dramatically reduce the amount of scab inoculum. Chopped leaves will decompose much faster. Leaf chopping can also be done in combination with urea application.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResistant Varieties:\u003C\/strong\u003E Commercial apple cultivars vary in their susceptibility to apple scab.  Highly susceptible cultivars include Gala, Ambrosia, McIntosh, Empire, Mutsu and Summerred. Moderately susceptible cultivars include Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, Spartan, Fuji, Honeycrisp and Jonagold.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENumerous apple cultivars with resistance to scab have been developed in breeding programs around the world, and there are many promising varieties under development.  Currently none of the mainstream varieties grown in the B.C. commercial market are highly resistant.  Many of the resistant varieties evaluated in the past were not suitable for long term storage or had other issues with quality or marketing.  Most currently available resistant varieties have a single gene that governs apple scab resistance. As a result, it is not difficult for the apple scab fungus to overcome the resistance (similar to fungicide resistance). Failure of resistant varieties has occurred in many areas of Europe and the United States, and has been detected in at least one Lower Mainland B.C. orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EResistant varieties are suitable for backyard gardeners, and will eliminate the need for fungicide sprays for apple scab control. Resistant varieties may also be of interest to organic growers or direct farm marketers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen planting resistant varieties:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIsolate the resistant trees from sources of apple scab inoculum.  Don't interplant with susceptible trees.  Constant exposure to apple scab will eventually result in a breakdown of resistance.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EConsider using fungicide sprays on resistant trees that are exposed to inoculum during the peak period of scab susceptibility in the spring\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPractice other cultural control methods, such management of leaf litter to reduce inoculum pressure. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EProtectant fungicides\u003C\/strong\u003E are applied to protect new growth during rainy periods or in anticipation of a rainy period. These chemicals provide a film of fungicide which prevents spores from germinating. Protectant sprays are usually applied on a calendar basis. Fungicides with eradicant properties also have protectant properties, and are generally more effective when used in protective programs.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EEradicant fungicides\u003C\/strong\u003E prevent or reduce further growth of infections that have already started, if the sprays are applied soon after the start of a rainy period. The advantage of eradicant sprays is that they are applied only when necessary; i.e. when infection periods occur. In most seasons this will reduce the number of sprays required. A disadvantage is that repeated use of eradicant fungicides is likey to lead to resistance. Also growers must have spray machinery available to cover the trees quickly after an infection period, and winds must be low enough to permit good coverage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFungicide Resistance Management\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo help prevent resistance from developing:\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EUse recommended tank mixes at label rates\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EAlternate between different groups of fungicides. Do not use more than 2 back-to-back sprays of fungicides from the same resistance group.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ELimit use of fungicides that are at high risk of resistance to 2 sprays\/season. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ERely on protectant programs with good coverage rather than eradicant or “rescue” sprays.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ELimit use of high risk fungicides to the early primary scab season. Switch to low risk (protectant) fungicides after mid-June if scab sprays are still needed.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EMaintain good scab control to reduce the probability that a resistant strain may develop.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApple scab resistance to group 3 and group 11 fungicides has been detected in several orchards in the Okanagan and Creston Valleys.  Limit use of group 3 and 11 fungicides to prolong effectiveness.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EApple scab resistance to thiophanate-methyl (Senator) and dodine (Equal, Syllit) was present in the Central and North Okanagan in the 1980's-1990's, and was also found in other interior fruit growing districts. Because of the extent of resistance, these chemicals are not recommended for scab control in B.C.  Growers in areas where resistance was known to be low (e.g. South Okanagan and Similkameen), may choose to use these chemicals with caution. Resistance to Senator develops more quickly and easily than resistance to Equal\/Syllit.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESwitch to fungicides from other groups if resistance is suspected in your orchard, and contact your field advisor. Commercial testing services for resistance to some fungicides may be available. Also consider other factors that may lead to fungicide failure, including spray timing and coverage.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESpray Timing and Scheduling\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFirst Spray\u003C\/strong\u003E: The risk of apple scab infection may begin as early as the green tip stage. If using a protectant program, and scab was a problem the previous year, apply the first spray at the green tip stage. If scab was well controlled last year, it may be safe to delay the first spray until the tight cluster stage. Sprays may also be delayed if there is no possibility of rain in the forecast.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIf using an eradicant program, apply the first spray immediately after the first infection period. Begin monitoring infection periods at the green tip to tight cluster stage, depending on severity of scab the previous year.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESubsequent Sprays\u003C\/strong\u003E: A protectant schedule is highly recommended during the critical pink to petal fall period, both for improved scab control and resistance management. During this time there is abundant scab inoculum, the weather is often rainy, and tree growth is rapid and highly susceptible. Protectant schedules are also recommended for orchards with high levels of overwintering apple scab inoculum.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo successfully use an eradicant schedule, the grower must be able to determine whether or not an infection period has occurred after every rainfall. Packinghouse field staff issue scab warnings to packinghouse members. B.C. growers may also monitor apple scab infection periods using the \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/ca.decisionaid.systems\/page\/das_development\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EDecision Aid System (DAS)\u003C\/a\u003E. This will require setting up a free account, selecting the weather station nearest to your orchard, and adding the apple scab model. The model will indicate whether an infection period is developing or has occurred. DAS Spray recommendations are linked to the BC Tree Fruit Production Guide.  Alternatively, growers could install weather monitoring equipment in their own orchards, or hire orchard consultants who are monitoring infection periods.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor protectant schedules, fungicides should be applied every 7 to 14 days during the primary scab season. A 7 day interval should be used from the pink to calyx stage of tree development. Following the calyx stage, protectants such as Kumulus are best used on a 7 day interval, while Polyram, mancozeb, or captan may be used at 10 to 14 day intervals during most years. This interval should be shortened to 7 days following heavy rain. With an eradicant schedule, fungicides are applied shortly after an infection period has occurred. Often protectant and eradicant schedules are combined. For example, eradicant schedules are often backed up with protectant sprays during the critical pink to petal fall period.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn late June growers should carefully check leaves and fruit for the presence of scab lesions. If primary scab has been well controlled, such that only a few lesions can be found per tree, the interval between sprays may be lengthened for the remainder of the growing season. If scab lesions are not found, the grower could decide to eliminate fungicide applications entirely after the end of the primary season. However, this should be done with caution because it takes only a small number of lesions to produce a major epidemic later in the season if leaves and fruit are not protected, and if an extended period of wet weather occurs. If sprays are suspended, the orchard should be periodically monitored for the development of scab lesions for the rest of the season.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPin-point or late season scab\u003C\/strong\u003E infections can develop only when there are visible leaf or fruit infections in the tree. For this reason, it is important that spray programs be continued throughout the summer if scab is present in the orchard. In the Okanagan, spray programs are often relaxed during dry summer weather. Be aware that this may result in fruit infection if wet weather occurs while the trees are unprotected and scab lesions are present in the orchard. Captan is used as late season protectants. Do not use eradicant fungicides as protectants for pin-point scab, and observe pre-harvest intervals for all late-season sprays.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETable 3. Fungicides registered for apple scab control.  \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nFungicides with the same resistance group have similar modes of action. Additional rates and uses may be listed on the product label. Always follow label instructions and precautions when using pesticides. Trade names are linked to the Pesticide Label Search database of the \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/index-eng.php\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPest Management Regulatory Agency\u003C\/a\u003E. Click on the Registration Number of the product to read the current label. If more than one product name appears on the list, click on the Registration Number of the product of interest.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"2\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px;box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(73, 73, 73);font-family:myriad-pro,calibri,arial,sans serif;font-size:14px;margin:10px 0px;max-width:100%;\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd bgcolor=\"#FFFFCC\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EResistance Group*\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd bgcolor=\"#FFFFCC\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EFungicide\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd bgcolor=\"#FFFFCC\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ERate\/ha\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd bgcolor=\"#FFFFCC\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003EDays to Harvest\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd bgcolor=\"#FFFFCC\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EComments and Limitations\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd colspan=\"5\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;\"\u003EProtectant Fungicides\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003EM3\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Polyram&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPolyram\u003C\/a\u003E (metiram)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E6.0 kg\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E45\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EUse preventatively.  Low risk of resistance.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003EM3\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=Manzate+DF+&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EManzate DF\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=dithane+dg&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EDithane DG\u003C\/a\u003E (mancozeb)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E6.0 kg\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E45\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EUse preventatively. Low risk of resistance.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003E \u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003EM4\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=captan+80&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECaptan 80%\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=maestro&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EMaestro \u003C\/a\u003E(captan)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E3.75 kg\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EUse preventatively.  Do not use during bloom. Low risk of resistance.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003EM1\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cueva&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECueva\u003C\/a\u003E (copper octanoate)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003ESee label\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E1\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EDo not exceed 1% rate for varieties susceptible to russeting. Repeat every 7-10 days. \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003EM2\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=kumulus&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKumulus DF\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=cosavet&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\"\u003ECosavet DF Edge\u003C\/a\u003E (sulphur)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E7.0 kg\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E1\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EUse preventatively. May harm predatory mites. Shorter spray intervals required. May cause damage under certain weather conditions (see label).\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003E29\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=allegro&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAllegro 500F\u003C\/a\u003E (fluazinam)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E0.75-1.0 L\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E28\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EUse preventatively and repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. Use the highest rates and shortest intervals for high disease pressure. Allegro will also suppress European red mite, apple rust mite and two-spotted spider mites.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd colspan=\"5\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;\"\u003EEradicant\/Protectant Fungicides (may be used as eradicants or protectants) \u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\tFor best control, follow a protectant\/preventative program using a rotation of fungicides with different resistance groups. Eradicant or "rescue" sprays should only be used for situations where adequate coverage could not be applied before an infection period.  For effective control, eradicant sprays should be applied as soon as possible and within 48 hours of the beginning of an infection period. A few fungicides can provide curative activity for 72 to 96 hours after the beginning of an infection period, but they are generally more effective if applied within 48 hours. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=31981&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia \u003C\/a\u003E(benzovindiflupyr)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E300-500 mL\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E30\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EFor improved scab control tank mix with a protectant fungicide (see label). Use high rate for powdery mildew control. Rotate with other non-Group 7 fungicides for resistance management. \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E3 + 7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=aprovia+top&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EAprovia Top\u003C\/a\u003E (difenoconazole + benzovindiflupyr)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E386-643 mL\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E30\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EApply alone or tank-mix with a protectant fungicide (see label). Do not apply more than 2 consecutive sprays. Rotate with other non-Group 3 or 7 fungicides. \u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E3+9\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=inspire+super&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EInspire Super\u003C\/a\u003E (difenoconazole + cyprodinil)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E560 - 836 g\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E14\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EUse on a preventative schedule at 7-10 day intervals. Tank mix with a protectant fungicide (e.g. Allegro, Dithane, Manzate, captan, Polyram) for improved control and resistance management. For curative sprays, apply within 48 hours of the onset of an infection period. Inspire is more likely to be effective in orchards where resistance to group 3 fungicides is developing than other group 3 products.  Limit sprays of group 3 fungicides (Nova, Inspire, Fullback) to 2 per season. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003E3\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=nova+fungicide&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ENova \u003C\/a\u003E(myclobutanil)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E340 g \u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E14\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EBest used on a protectant schedule at 10 day intervals in a tank mix with a protectant fungicide(e.g. Dithane, Manzate, captan, Polyram). Provides up to 4 days of post-infection activity. If used as an eradicant, follow with another eradicant in 7 days or a protectant in 4 to 5 days. Apple scab resistance to Nova has been detected in a few B.C. orchards. Limit sprays of group 3 fungicides (Nova, Inspire, Fullback) to 1 or 2 per season.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E3\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fullback&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFullback \u003C\/a\u003E125 SC (flutriafol)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E950 mL\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E14\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ETank mix with a protectant fungicide \u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E(e.g. Dithane, Manzate, captan, Polyram). Best used on a protectant schedule at 7-10 days through petal fall and 10-14 days after petal fall.  \u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ELimit sprays of group 3 fungicides (Nova, Inspire, Fullback) to 1 or 2 per season. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003E11\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=30619&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFlint\u003C\/a\u003E (trifloxystrobin)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E140-175 g\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E14\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EBest used on a protectant schedule at 7-10 day intervals. P\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003Erovides up to 4 days of post-infection activity for scab control. Apple scab resistance to group 11 fungicides has been detected in a few B.C. orchards. \u003C\/span\u003ELimit sprays of class 11 fungicides (Sovran, Flint, Pristine) to 2 per season. Alternate with other fungicides from a different resistance group.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E11\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sovran&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESovran \u003C\/a\u003E(kresoxim-methyl)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E360 g\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E30\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EBest used on a protectant schedule at 10-14 day intervals, using a 10 day interval during periods of rapid shoot growth. Provides 4 days of eradicant activity. Use the high rate for post-infection sprays or high disease pressure. Apple scab resistance to group 11 fungicides has been detected in a few B.C. orchards. Limit sprays of group 11 fungicides (Sovran, Flint, Pristine) to 2 per season. Alternate with other fungicides from a different resistance group. Caution: Sovran drift may injure cherries.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003E7+11\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=pristine&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EPristine \u003C\/a\u003E(boscalid + pyraclostrobin)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E1.0-1.2 kg\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E5\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EBest used on a protectant schedule at 7-10 day intervals. Use the higher rate and shorter interval during periods of rapid growth or when disease pressure is high. Limit sprays of group 11 fungicides (Sovran, Flint, Pristine) to 2 per season. Alternate with other fungicides from a different resistance group.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=kenja&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EKenja 400 SC\u003C\/a\u003E (isofetamid)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E913 ml\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E20\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EDo not apply more than 2 consecutive Group 7 applications. Application interval: 10 to 14 days.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=fontelis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EFontelis\u003C\/a\u003E (penthiopyrad)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E1.0-1.5 L\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E28\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EBroad spectrum fungicide that provides pre-and post-infection activity against apple scab. Best used on a preventative schedule, on a 7-10 day interval. Use the higher rate and shorter interval when disease pressure is high. Limit use to 3 applications\/season, and rotate with fungicides from other groups. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=sercadis&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESercadis \u003C\/a\u003E(fluxapyroxad)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E167-333 mL\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E0\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EApply preventatively. Use higher rate when disease pressure is high.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7 + 9\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=luna+tranquility&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ELuna Tranquility\u003C\/a\u003E (fluopyram +pyrimethanil)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E800 mL\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E14\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EBroad spectrum fungicide that provides pre-and post-infection activity against apple scab. Best used on a preventative schedule, on a 7-14 day interval. Provides up to 72 hours of post-infection control of scab. Limit to 1 application per season when the total number of fungicide sprays in a program is 1 to 2, and 2 per season when the total number of sprays is 3 or more. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E9\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=28011&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EScala \u003C\/a\u003E(pyrimethanil)\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E0.75-1.0 L\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E72\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003EBest used as an early season protectant. Do not use after bloom. Good activity during cool temperatures. Apply at 7-12 day intervals, from green tip to petal drop. Do not apply within 72 days of harvest for apple scab. However Scala may be used 14 days to harvest for management of post-harvest rots. See label. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E1\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=32096&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESenator\u003C\/a\u003E (thiophanate-methyl)\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ESee label\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E1\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003ENot recommended for apple scab management in the Okanagan due to presence of resistance. May harm predatory mites.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;\"\u003EU12\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EEqual, Syllit (\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=ACT&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=dodine&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003Edodine\u003C\/a\u003E)\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003ESee label\u003C\/div\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"1\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px; text-align: center;\"\u003E7\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd style=\"box-sizing: border-box; padding: 4px;\"\u003EDo not use in areas with resistance. Do not use under slow-drying conditions.\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 1em 0px; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: Myriad-Pro, Calibri, Arial, "sans serif"; font-size: 14px;\"\u003E*Fungicide resistance management group. M=multisite. U=unknown\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated July, 2018\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Apple Scab"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"122","name":"Post-Harvest Rots Initiated in the Orchard","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003EGeneral Management Techniques to Reduce Post Harvest Fruit Rots:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003EConsider post-harvest decay control as an integrated pest management strategy. Cultural controls are important, and options for chemical control are often limited. The following are general management techniques that will help to reduce the occurrence of rots in both pome and stone fruits. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EFocus on nutrient programs that improve fruit quality. Apply calcium sprays to improve fruit resistance to disease.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EControl insects that may act as vectors of disease spores.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPrune out cankers in varieties or blocks prone to bull’s eye rot or phacidiopycnis rot.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPrune for increased air flow to promote faster drying and better spray penetration.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EShorten current season’s growth to reduce fruit cluster formation on cherry varieties prone to heavy clusters.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EEnsure good spray coverage into heavy cherry clusters before they close up.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPractice orchard sanitation and “soft handling” of fruit.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EHarvest fruit at proper maturity\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not put windfalls into bins.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EUse clean bins. As much as practical, minimize the amount of soil and plant debris brought into the packinghouse on the bottom of bins.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EKeep fruit cool after harvest, i.e. keep bins in the shade.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EMinimize time between harvest and delivery of fruit to the packinghouse.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"\u003EManagement Strategies for Common Post-Harvest Rots\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to following general management techniques to reduce post-harvest rots, the following practices may be helpful for specific diseases. Follow label instructions and observe pre-harvest intervals for all fungicides. Rotate fungicides for resistance management.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ctbody\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECrop\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDisease\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESeason\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESource\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EControl\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"8\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EApples and Pears\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EMoldy core\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBlossom\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EOrchard Litter\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EA reduced incidence of moldy core in blocks sprayed for scab in the spring has been observed.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EDry eye rot\/blossom end rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBlossom\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ELeaf litter\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E80% bloom to petal fall spray with scab fungicides that also control \u003Cem\u003EBotrytis\u003C\/em\u003E will reduce this problem (e.g. \u003Cstrong\u003EVangard\u003C\/strong\u003E, \u003Cstrong\u003EScala\u003C\/strong\u003E on apple)\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ECore rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBlossom\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EUnknown\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EUnknown. Spring scab sprays may help to reduce incidence.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBull’s eye rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EFall\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ETree cankers\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=Bulls+eye&searchfield1=NONE&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_commercial=COMMERCIAL&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ECaptan\u003C\/a\u003E is registered for control of bull's-eye rot and can be applied up to 7 days before harvest.  Remove cankers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESnow mold rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EFall\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESoil, orchard grasses\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAvoid contaminating bins with grasses or soil\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EPhacidiopycnis rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EFall\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EPear tree cankers\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EIdentify and remove cankers.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBlue mold,  Botrytis\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESummer\/Fall\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EOrchard litter\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EScala\u003C\/strong\u003E (pyrimethanil) is registered for orchard application to help control of post-harvest rots of apple. Apply 14 days before harvest.  Late season pinpoint scab sprays with \u003Cstrong\u003EVangard\u003C\/strong\u003E (cyprodinil), \u003Cstrong\u003Eziram\u003C\/strong\u003E or \u003Cstrong\u003Ecaptan\u003C\/strong\u003E will reduce the incidence in storage.  Observe Pre-harvest intervals.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBlue mold, Botrytis and other rots\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EPost-harvest.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\tUse in packinghouse only\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESeveral fungicides are registered for control or suppression of post-harvest rots of pome fruit in the packinghouse. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAcademy \u003C\/strong\u003E(difenconazole + fludioxinil) - controls botrytis, blue mold, alternaria, bull's-eye rot\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cstrong\u003EScholar \u003C\/strong\u003E(fludioxonil) - controls botrytis and blue mold\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cstrong\u003EEcoFog-160\u003C\/strong\u003E (pyrimethanil) - controls botrytis and suppresses blue mold \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cstrong\u003EBio-Save\u003C\/strong\u003E (\u003Cem\u003EPseudomonas syringae\u003C\/em\u003E) - biological treatment for suppression of botrytis, blue mold and mucor rots.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd rowspan=\"5\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EStone Fruit\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBrown rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESpring\/ summer\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EMummified fruit and wood infections\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EControl brown rot in the field to reduce post-harvest losses. Refer to the \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/8\/Brown_Rot\"\u003Ebrown rot description\u003C\/a\u003E and spray schedules for information on disease management and fungicides.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBotrytis rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESpring\/ summer\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EOrchard litter\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFontelis\u003C\/strong\u003E (penthiopyrad) is the only fungicide registered for control of botrytis rot of cherry and other stone fruit. Other fungicides used for brown rot will also help to control botrytis, including Bravo, captan, Elevate, Pristine, Cantus, Sercadis and Fracture. Blossom is an important spray timing for management of botrytis rots. Note: botrytis resistance to Senator and Rovral is fairly widespread.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAlternaria rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESpring\/ summer\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EOrchard litter\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ENo fungicides are specifically registered for control of alternaria on stone fruit. Other fungicides used for brown rot will also help to control alternaria, including Bravo, captan, Elevate, Pristine, Cantus and Sercadis.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ERhizopus rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ESpring\/ summer\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EOrchard litter\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPristine\u003C\/strong\u003E is registered for control of Rhizopus rot. Apply the day before harvest for best results.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Ctr\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBlue Mold, Botrytis rot, Brown rot, Rhizopus Rot\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EPost-harvest. \u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n\t\t\tUse in packinhouse only.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Ctd\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EScholar\u003C\/strong\u003E (fludioxonil) is registered for control of post-harvest rots of stone fruit in the packinghouse. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\t\u003C\/td\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/tr\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/tbody\u003E\r\n\u003C\/table\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated January, 2017\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Post-Harvest Rots Initiated in the Orchard"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"123","name":"Nematodes","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003ENematodes are best managed before planting. Prevention involves testing for the presence of pathogenic nematodes followed by pre-plant soil fumigation to reduce nematode populations. See notes under \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/124\/Replant_Disease\"\u003EReplant Disease\u003C\/a\u003E for more information on soil fumigation. There are no chemical treatments for nematodes that can be used on bearing fruit trees in Canada.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe insecticide \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=vydate&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EVydate \u003C\/a\u003E(oxamyl) will provide some control of nematodes but it can only be used on non-bearing apple trees. Caution - Vydate is a highly toxic, restricted product (applicator certification is mandatory). \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVelum Prime (fluopyram) has been approved for use on Pome and Stone fruits for nematodes. Apply specified dosage by chemigation into root-zone through low-pressure drip, trickle, micro-sprinkler or equivalent equipment. Soil must be slightly pre-wetted to break soil surface tension prior to application. Caution - Velum Prime requires a vegatative strip when used near aquatic area. It is toxic to aquatic organisms, non-target terrestrial plants and birds. Avoid application when heavy rainfall is forecast. To prevent contamination of aquatic habitats, avoid application to areas with moderate to steep slopes, compacted soil or clay.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESalibro Nematicide (fluazaindolizine) has been approved for use on non-bearing stone fruit to control or suppress root-knot nematodes. It can be applied pre plant incorporated, broadcast followed by soil incorporation, in furrow, or via chemigation.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated January, 2024\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Nematodes"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"124","name":"Replant Disease","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003EPrevention of replant problems is much easier and more successful than trying to control them after replanting. There is little that can be done to correct replant problems once trees have been planted.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe causes of apple replant disease on different sites are highly variable. Not all soils respond in the same way to the various pre-plant treatments. Thus a treatment that is beneficial in one orchard may have no effect in another. Preliminary soil testing can help to identify some potential causes of poor replant performance and is highly encouraged.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003ESoil Testing Before Planting\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPreparation for replanting orchards should start at least one year ahead of planting. Soil analysis is necessary to determine fertilizer requirements, and also if lime is required to adjust pH prior to planting. It is recommended that soil be tested for pathogenic nematodes the year before replanting. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003EReplant Bioassay Test\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESpecific testing for replant disease can help to identify appropriate treatments for your planting site. The replant bioassay test assesses the potential for the development of replant problems and the response to soil treatments, such as soil fumigation and phosphorous application. The growth of apple seedlings in treated and untreated orchard soil is used as an indicator of the response to be expected in the field.  Contact Danielle Hirkala at the BC Tree Fruits Lab (250) 826-5061 or dhirkala@bctree.com or packinghouse field service for more information.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003ECultural Practices\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESpecial attention to all cultural practices is important to obtaining good growth of young trees. Irrigation and mineral spray requirements are essential, as is good weed management. Trees must also be handled carefully and planted as early as possible.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003ESoil Replacement or amendment\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESoil replacement with 20 L or more of new soil, or a well prepared steamed planting soil mixture, can be satisfactory alternatives to fumigation for small sites. New top soil should be tested for pH and salinity before use. It should not come from old apple plantings, and should not contain residual herbicides.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESoil replacement or amendment with a ratio of 1 part peat to 2 parts planting-hole soil can also be a beneficial treatment.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECompost, which is typically a rich source of phosphorus and beneficial microbes, can be a very effective preplant soil amendment. Composts vary in their properties, and some can be high in salts (electrical conductivity). Consequently, it is important to obtain an analysis of any compost and adjust amendment rates to ensure that the resulting level of salts in the soil is not too high.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003EFertilizer Treatments\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch in the greenhouse using potted apple seedlings has shown that growth can be significantly increased by phosphate fertilizer (11-52-0 or 10-52-10)  in 80 per cent of the soils.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAmmonium phosphate fertilizer (11-52-0 or 10-52-10) at a rate of 1.0 g per litre of soil should be thoroughly mixed with soil before planting (one level measuring cup of 11-52-0 or 10-52-10 weighs 240g). If soil is very coarse, this rate may be reduced slightly. Great care must be taken to avoid fertilizer concentrations close to the roots or burning and death may result.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFertigation is an alternative method of applying phosphate to the root zone with less risk of root injury. When using fertigation, lower amounts of phosphate can be applied to achieve similar improvements in tree vigour and phosphate nutrition. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Ch4\u003ESoil Fumigation\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESoil fumigation with chemicals such as Vapam and Basamid may be used as a preventative treatment for replant disease or as a corrective treatment for high levels of pathogenic nematodes before planting. They will also help to reduce the levels of soil-borne plant pathogens and viable weed seeds.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENew regulations for soil fumigants came into effect in September 2014. These include the requirement for a detailed fumigation management plan, following good agricultural practices, implementing buffer zones and an emergency management plan. All soil fumigants are now restricted products and require certification of all fumigant handlers and applicators. Read and understand the entire product label before using. Labels contain detailed information on the new requirements for use, including what is needed in the fumigation management plan.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETiming of fumigation:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter harvest is the most effective time to fumigate. It must be done before soil cools off too much in the fall, and before water is turned off. Consult product labels for information on optimal soil temperatures. Spring fumigation can also be effective if soil is allowed to warm up. This may cause unacceptable delays in planting. Allow sufficient time (usually several weeks) after fumigation for the chemical to dissipate before planting, or new trees will be injured or killed. If planting can be delayed for a year, this will provide more time to prepare the land and more optimal conditions for fumigation while soil is warm and water is available.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPreparation of the land:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPrepare the land by removing old trees, stumps and roots. Work and level the soil for best results. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFumigant must be applied to moist soil to be effective. Ensure soil is moist to the depth you plan to treat for at least a week before fumigating. Irrigate if necessary.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESelection of fumigant:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=basamid&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_restricted=RESTRICTED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBasamid \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E(dazomet) is a granular that must be tilled into the soil. Soil must be in seedbed condition. Fumigant is released when the granules contact moisture in the soil.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=vapam&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_restricted=RESTRICTED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EVapam\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=REGNU&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=29142&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_restricted=RESTRICTED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EEnfuse\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=busan+1020&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_restricted=RESTRICTED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EBusan 1020\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/pr-rp.hc-sc.gc.ca\/ls-re\/result-eng.php?p_search_label=&searchfield1=PRO&operator1=CONTAIN&criteria1=busan+1236&logicfield1=AND&searchfield2=NONE&operator2=CONTAIN&criteria2=&logicfield2=AND&searchfield3=NONE&operator3=CONTAIN&criteria3=&logicfield3=AND&searchfield4=NONE&operator4=CONTAIN&criteria4=&logicfield4=AND&p_operatordate=%3D&p_criteriadate=&p_status_reg=REGISTERED&p_marketing_restricted=RESTRICTED&p_searchexpdate=EXP\" target=\"_blank\"\u003EBusan 1236\u003C\/a\u003E \u003C\/strong\u003E(metam sodium) is a liquid that can be injected into soil or applied in water to the soil surface for small areas. It is converted into a fumigant gas in moist soil.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EApplication of fumigant:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFumigants can only be handled and applied by certified applicators and can only be applied after making a detailed fumigant management plan. Follow all instructions on the label for application, safety precautions, personal protective equipment, buffer zones, etc. Immediately following application, the soil surface should be sealed by watering and rolling or with polyethylene sheets.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAfter fumigation:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBe careful not to mix soil from unfumigated areas into fumigated areas.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nWait the recommended amount of time before planting. You may need to aerate soil to allow any trapped fumigant to be released.  Do not work the soil deeper than fumigant was applied.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more information on fumigation consult your field advisor.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003EAlternatives to Fumigation\u003C\/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESoil solarization is a non-chemical technique that will help to reduce the population of nematodes and other soil-borne pathogens. Solarization involves capturing the heat of the sun by covering the soil with transparent polyethylene plastic sheets during warm sunny months. The soil temperatures under the plastic increase to levels lethal to many soil-borne plant pathogens, weed seeds, seedlings, and nematodes. It is usually necessary to take the land to be solarized out of production for a year. Soil should be tilled before solarization, and should also have a good soil moisture level. The area to be treated should be free of weeds, plant debris, and large clods which would raise the plastic off the ground. Cover the area with a double layer of clear polyethylene sheet, seal the edges with soil and leave it in place for 4-6 weeks during the heat of the summer (mid-June through mid-August). If possible, leave the poly in place until replanting to prevent re-contamination. Black plastic is less effective than clear plastic.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOther cultural management techniques include “biofumigation” via the incorporation of manure slurries or Brassica green manure cover crops. These practices are not as effective as chemical fumigation, but they can have the additional benefit of enhancing soil organic matter and fertility. Preplant incorporation of composts does not reduce nematode populations but enhances soil organic matter and fertility and may promote root growth enough to compensate for the effects of parasitic nematodes. Depending on which species of nematodes are present, it may also be possible to minimize their populations by rotating to non-host crops for a year before replanting. Rotation to a non-host crop will not guarantee a reduction in nematodes, as populations may be sustained on weeds. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated February, 2017\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Replant Disease"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"125","name":"Verticillium Wilt of Stone Fruits","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EAvoid planting sites known to be infested with \u003Cem\u003EVerticillium\u003C\/em\u003E, and sites where susceptible crops have recently been grown.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not intercrop with other susceptible species such as tomatoes, eggplants, melons or strawberries\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPrune out dead wood.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EDo not overwater - the disease is more severe in wet soil.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EProper fertilization of the orchard can help trees to recover. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThere are no chemical treatments for trees infected with Verticillium wilt.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPre-plant soil fumigation will help to reduce the amount of Verticillium in the soil in known-infested sites. Refer to the article on \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/124\/Replant_Disease\"\u003Ereplant disease\u003C\/a\u003E for more information on fumigation.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUpdated January, 2017\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Verticillium Wilt of Stone Fruits"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"126","name":"Virus and Virus-like Diseases","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EPlant only nursery stock certified as virus-free from a reliable source\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EWhen propagating their own trees, growers should be sure that both rootstock and scion are free from damaging viruses.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIf an insect vector is known to spread a virus, controlling the insect may help to limit or reduce the rate of spread within an orchard.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ERemove trees showing virus symptoms to protect other trees in the planting from becoming infected.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EContact your crop management advisor for further information. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"\u003Cp\u003EThere are no chemical treatments available that will cure virus-infected plants. \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003E\u003Cem style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003EUpdated January, 2017\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","biological_control":"\u003Cp\u003ESome viruses are spread by insects.  Often these insect vectors have natural enemies such as native predatory and parasitic insects. Preserve populations of beneficial insects by careful selection and timing of insecticides.  \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","keywords":"","full_name":"Virus and Virus-like Diseases"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"128","name":"Little Cherry Disease","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAvoid planting infected stock or using budwood from trees that have not been tested for the pathogens. Samples can be sent to the BCMAF Plant Health Laboratory in Abbotsford or to other accredited laboratories for diagnosis of the causal agents.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ERemove all trees known or suspected to be infected with Little Cherry Disease to limit spread. Carefully inspect fruit quality on trees in high-risk areas for symptoms. Roots\/stumps can harbour the disease so ensure complete tree removal or treat stumps with herbicide immediately after cutting.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ENotify the BCMAF of Little Cherry Disease suspected trees. Trees with Little cherry virus must be removed under the guidelines of the B.C. Plant Protection Act, \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca\/civix\/document\/id\/complete\/statreg\/34_83\"\u003ELittle Cherry Control Regulation\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EDo not interplant cherry trees amongst older cherry trees that may be carrying the viruses. It is best to remove whole blocks of older cherry trees before replanting to cherry, particularly in orchards or districts with a history of Little Cherry Disease.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EMonitor for the vectors. Mealybugs have not been found in cherry orchards based on the surveys conducted by the BCMAF.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EDo not plant ornamental flowering cherries as they can be symptomless carriers of Little Cherry Disease pathogens. It is illegal to plant flowering cherries in the Little Cherry Disease regulated areas, including the Okanagan and Creston.\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPDF version - \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/assets\/gov\/farming-natural-resources-and-industry\/agriculture-and-seafood\/animal-and-crops\/plant-health\/disease-factsheets\/tree-fruits\/little_cherry_disease.pdf\"\u003Elittle_cherry_disease.pdf (gov.bc.ca)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAdditional Resources\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/treefruit.wsu.edu\/crop-protection\/disease-management\/little-cherry-disease\/\"\u003ELittle Cherry Virus | WSU Tree Fruit | Washington State University\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"Little Cherry Disease"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"142","name":"X-disease (Western X)","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"3","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPlant pathogen free material\u003C\/strong\u003E: Trees may not show symptoms of disease when they are purchased, therefore use certified stock and if in doubt, get plant material tested. Nurseries should test the mother plant material prior to propagation and follow up with customers as symptoms can be delayed (latent).\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERemove infected trees\u003C\/strong\u003E: Due to the presence of vectors in orchards, infected trees will serve as an inoculum source and spread the disease to healthy trees. If suspicious trees are seen, get them tested at an accredited diagnostic laboratory. When confirmed, remove the tree and others with the same symptoms in the block as soon as possible.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\t\u003Col style=\"list-style-type:lower-alpha;\"\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"\u003EEnsure that there is no living tissue left from infected trees in the orchard as the pathogen can be harboured in the tree roots. Best management is to treat the stump with systemic herbicide (glyphosate) immediately (within 5 minutes) after cutting. Full tree removal by digging up the stump is also an option, and the only option for organic growers as there is no organic herbicide registered for this use.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitor Leafhoppers: \u003C\/strong\u003EUse yellow sticky traps or sweep nets to monitor leafhoppers. Hang traps 2 to 4 feet (60 to 120 cm) from the ground.  Use 1 trap\/two acres and check traps every 1 to 2 weeks.  Identify X-disease vectors and use a threshold of 1 leafhopper\/trap for management. Monitor after harvest because leafhopper numbers are usually higher after harvest.  \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EControl leafhoppers\u003C\/strong\u003E: Control leafhoppers after harvest.  There are currently no registered insecticides for the control of X-disease leafhopper vectors in stone fruits in Canada. Post-harvest sprays applied for other insect pests may provide some control.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERemove alternative hosts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Grassy plants seem to be a non-host for the pathogen and leafhoppers. Many broadleaf weeds have been shown to be infected by ‘\u003Cem\u003ECa\u003C\/em\u003E. P. pruni’, therefore controlling these weeds on the orchard floor can help reduce the pathogen inoculum.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size:20px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPDF version\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E - \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/assets\/gov\/farming-natural-resources-and-industry\/agriculture-and-seafood\/animal-and-crops\/plant-health\/disease-factsheets\/tree-fruits\/x_disease_western_x.pdf\"\u003Ex_disease_western_x.pdf (gov.bc.ca)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EAdditional Resources\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EWashington State University: \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/treefruit.wsu.edu\/crop-protection\/disease-management\/western-x\/\"\u003EX-disease phytoplasma (Western X) | WSU Tree Fruit | Washington State University\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EOntario Crop IPM: \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/cropipm.omafra.gov.on.ca\/en-ca\/crops\/peaches-and-nectarines\/diseases\/cdb342bd-e56c-4936-b34d-de73cf19ba28\"\u003EOntario Crop IPM - Peaches and nectarines (gov.on.ca)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EReferences\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EHarper, S. J., Northfield, T. D., Nottingham, L. B., DuPont, S. T., Thompson, A. A., Sallato, B. V., Serban, C. F., Shires, M. K., Wright, A. A., Catron, K. A., Marshall, A. T., Molnar, C. & Cooper, W. R. (2023). Recovery plan for X-disease in stone fruit caused by ‘\u003Cem\u003ECandidatus\u003C\/em\u003E Phytoplasma pruni’. \u003Cem\u003EPlant Health Progress\u003C\/em\u003E, \u003Cem\u003E24\u003C\/em\u003E(2), 258-295.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EUrbez-Torres, J. R., Sabaratnam, S., Acheampong, S., Balcaen, D., Boule, J., Ghoshal, B., Bennypaul, H., Thurston, M., Richardson, T.,Molnar, C. & Harper, S. (2024). First Report of ‘\u003Cem\u003ECandidatus\u003C\/em\u003E Phytoplasma pruni’ Associated with X-Disease on Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) in Canada. \u003Cem\u003EPlant Disease\u003C\/em\u003E, \u003Cem\u003E108\u003C\/em\u003E(1), 203.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EWright, A.A., Shires, M.K., Molnar, C., Bishop, G., Johnson, A., Frias, C., and Harper, S.J. (2022). Titer and distribution of ‘\u003Cem\u003ECandidatus \u003C\/em\u003EPhytoplasma pruni’ in \u003Cem\u003EPrunus avium\u003C\/em\u003E. Phytopathology 112: 1406-1412.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"\u003EB.C. Tree Fruit Production Guide: \u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/www.bctfpg.ca\/pest_guide\/info\/128\/Little_Cherry_Disease\"\u003EPests | BC Tree Fruit Production Guide (bctfpg.ca)\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C\/li\u003E\r\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\r\n","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":"X-disease (Western X)"},"PestType":{"id":"3","name":"Disease"}},{"Pest":{"id":"109","name":"","scientific_name":"","pest_type_id":"","last_modified":null,"last_modified_by":null,"cultural_control":"","chemical_control":"","biological_control":"","keywords":"","full_name":""},"PestType":{"id":null,"name":null}}]